Sandy Milner

Accepting PhD Students

PhD projects

Alexander Milner’s research involves river ecosystems in alpine and Arctic environments and includes long-term studies in Glacier Bay National Park and Denali National Park in Alaska. The study in Glacier Bay represents the longest continual study of stream succession and development within a primary successional framework. Other studies have included how water sources are changing in glacially influenced river systems with climate change and how these changes alter ecological structure and function. Ongoing research includes:

Hydroecology of glacier-fed river systems in Arctic and alpine regions (French Pyrenees, New Zealand, Lapland and Svalbard)
Colonisation and development of new streams in coastal Alaska
Long term variation in benthic communities/upwelling channels of braided floodplains in Denali National Park, interior Alaska

Professor Milner welcomes enquiries from prospective doctoral researchers in his areas of interest.

Research activity per year

1 - 50 out of 139 results

2024
Regional impacts of warming on biodiversity and biomass in high latitude stream ecosystems across the Northern Hemisphere
Jackson, M. C., Friberg, N., Moliner Cachazo, L., Clark, D. R., Mutinova, P. T., O’Gorman, E. J., Kordas, R. L., Gallo, B., Pichler, D. E., Bespalaya, Y., Aksenova, O. V., Milner, A., Brooks, S. J., Dunn, N., Lee, K. W. K., Ólafsson, J. S., Gíslason, G. M., Millan, L., Bell, T., Dumbrell, A. J., & 1 othersWoodward, G., 13 Mar 2024, In: Communications Biology. 7, 1, 8 p., 316.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
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10 Downloads (Pure)
2023
Author Correction: Functional diversity and community assembly of river invertebrates show globally consistent responses to decreasing glacier cover
Brown, L. E., Khamis, K., Wilkes, M., Blaen, P., Brittain, J. E., Carrivick, J. L., Fell, S., Friberg, N., Füreder, L., Gislason, G. M., Hainie, S., Hannah, D. M., James, W. H. M., Lencioni, V., Olafsson, J. S., Robinson, C. T., Saltveit, S. J., Thompson, C. & Milner, A. M., Mar 2023, In: Nature ecology & evolution. 7, 3, p. 472-476 5 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Comment/debate › peer-review
Long term changes in macroinvertebrate communities across high latitude streams.
Milner, S., Vega, E., Matthews, T., Conn, S. & Windsor, F. M., 4 Apr 2023, In: Global Change Biology. 29, 9, p. 2466-2477 12 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
61 Downloads (Pure)
Water source dynamics influence macroinvertebrate communities across groundwater‑fed streams in a glacierized catchment
Crossman, J., Bradley, C., Windsor, F. M. & Milner, S., May 2023, In: Hydrobiologia. 850, 8, p. 1801-1816 16 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
49 Downloads (Pure)
2022
Alpine Streams and Rivers
Khamis, K., Milner, A. M., Fell, S. C., Hannah, D. M. & Brown, L. E., 23 May 2022, Encyclopedia of Inland Waters (Second Edition). Elsevier, Vol. 2. p. 598-615 18 p.
Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Entry for encyclopedia/dictionary
1 Citation (Scopus)
Behavior of snow monkeys hunting fish to survive winter
Takenaka, M., Hayashi, K., Yamada, G., Ogura, T., Ito, M., Milner, A. M. & Tojo, K., 29 Nov 2022, In: Scientific Reports. 12, 1, 6 p., 20324.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
32 Downloads (Pure)
Organizational principles of hyporheic exchange flow and biogeochemical cycling in river networks across scales
Krause, S., Abbott, B. W., Baranov, V., Bernal, S., Blaen, P., Datry, T., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, J. H., Velez, J. G., Hannah, D. M., Knapp, J. L. A., Kurz, M., Lewandowski, J., Martí, E., Mendoza‐lera, C., Milner, A., Packman, A., Pinay, G., Ward, A. S. & Zarnetzke, J. P., 1 Mar 2022, In: Water Resources Research. 58, 3, e2021WR029771.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Open Access
File
191 Downloads (Pure)
Temperature and spatial connectivity drive patterns in freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity across the Arctic
Lento, J., Culp, J. M., Levenstein, B., Aroviita, J., Baturina, M. A., Bogan, D., Brittain, J. E., Chin, K., Christoffersen, K. S., Docherty, C., Friberg, N., Ingimarsson, F., Jacobsen, D., Lau, D. C. P., Loskutova, O. A., Milner, A., Mykrä, H., Novichkova, A. A., Ólafsson, J. S., Schartau, A. K., & 2 othersShaftel, R. & Goedkoop, W., 20 Jan 2022, In: Freshwater Biology. 67, 1, p. 159-175 17 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
9 Citations (Scopus)

51 Downloads (Pure)
2021
Extreme flood disturbance effects on multiple dimensions of river invertebrate community stability
Eagle, L. J. B., Milner, A. M., Klaar, M. J., Carrivick, J. L., Wilkes, M. & Brown, L. E., Sept 2021, In: Journal of Animal Ecology. 90, 9, p. 2135-2146 12 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
2 Citations (Scopus)

37 Downloads (Pure)
Glacier retreat creating new Pacific salmon habitat in western North America
Pitman, K. J., Moore, J. W., Huss, M., Sloat, M. R., Whited, D. C., Beechie, T. J., Brenner, R., Hood, E. W., Milner, A. M., Pess, G. R., Reeves, G. H. & Schindler, D. E., 7 Dec 2021, In: Nature Communications. 12, 1, 10 p., 6816.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
5 Citations (Scopus)

24 Downloads (Pure)
Low flow and heatwaves alter ecosystem functioning in a stream mesocosm experiment
Arias Font, R., Khamis, K., Milner, S., Sambrook-Smith, G. & Ledger, M., 10 Jul 2021, In: Science of the Total Environment. 777, 13 p., 146067.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Repeated high flows drive morphological change in rivers in recently deglaciated catchments
Eagle, L. J. B., Carrivick, J. L., Milner, A. M., Brown, L. E. & Klaar, M. J., 15 Jun 2021, In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 46, 7, p. 1294-1310 17 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
4 Citations (Scopus)

30 Downloads (Pure)
Winter diet of Japanese macaques from Chubu Sangaku National Park, Japan incorporates freshwater biota
Milner, A. M., Wood, S. A., Docherty, C., Biessy, L., Takenaka, M. & Tojo, K., 29 Nov 2021, In: Scientific Reports. 11, 1, 23091.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
98 Downloads (Pure)
2020
Changes in hydrology affects stream nutrient uptake and primary production in a high-Arctic stream
Skovsholt, L. J., Pastor, A., Docherty, C. L., Milner, A. M. & Riis, T., Dec 2020, In: Biogeochemistry. 151, 2-3, p. 187-201 15 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
1 Citation (Scopus)
Glacier Retreat and Pacific Salmon
Pitman, K. J., Moore, J. W., Sloat, M. R., Beaudreau, A. H., Bidlack, A. L., Brenner, R. E., Hood, E. W., Pess, G. R., Mantua, N. J., Milner, A. M., Radić, V., Reeves, G. H., Schindler, D. E. & Whited, D. C., 1 Mar 2020, In: BioScience. 70, 3, p. 220-236 17 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Open Access
23 Citations (Scopus)
Macroinvertebrate communities in streams with contrasting water sources in the Japanese Alps
Milner, A. M., Docherty, C., Windsor, F. M. & Tojo, K., 30 Jul 2020, In: Ecology and Evolution. 10, 14, p. 7812-7825 14 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
199 Downloads (Pure)
The method controls the story - Sampling method impacts on the detection of pore-water nitrogen concentrations in streambeds
Comer-Warner, S., Knapp, J. L. A., Blaen, P., Klaar, M., Shelley, F., Zarnetske, J., Lee-Cullin, J., Folegot, S., Kurz, M., Lewandowski, J., Harvey, J., Ward, A., Mendoza-Lera, C., Ullah, S., Datry, T., Kettridge, N., Gooddy, D., Drummond, J., Martí, E., Milner, A., & 2 othersHannah, D. & Krause, S., 20 Mar 2020, In: Science of the Total Environment. 709, 19 p., 136075.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

Open Access
File
1 Citation (Scopus)

222 Downloads (Pure)
2019
Arctic river temperature dynamics in a changing climate
Docherty, C. L., Dugdale, S. J., Milner, A. M., Abermann, J., Lund, M. & Hannah, D. M., Oct 2019, (E-pub ahead of print) In: River Research and Applications. 35, 8, p. 1212-1227 16 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
4 Citations (Scopus)

199 Downloads (Pure)
Co-located contemporaneous mapping of morphological, hydrological, chemical, and biological conditions in a 5th order mountain stream network, Oregon, USA
Ward, A., Zarnetske, J., Baranov, V., Blaen, P., Brekenfeld, N., Chu, R., Derelle, R., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, J., Garayburu-Caruso, V., Graham, E., Hannah, D., Harman, C., Hixson, J., Knapp, J. L. A., Krause, S., Kurz, M. J., Lewandowski, J., Li, A., Martí, E., & 16 othersMiller, M., Milner, S., Neill, K., Orsini, L., Packman, A. I., Plont, S., Renteria, L., Roche, K., Royer, T., Schmadel, N. M., Segura, C., Stegen, J., Toyoda, J., Wells, J., Wisnoski, N. I. & Wondzell, S. M., 22 Oct 2019, In: Earth System Science Data. 11, 4, p. 1567-1581 15 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
3 Citations (Scopus)

209 Downloads (Pure)
Drought intensification alters the composition, body size, and trophic structure of invertebrate assemblages in a stream mesocosm experiment
Aspin, T. W. H., Hart, K., Khamis, K., Milner, A. M., O'callaghan, M. J., Trimmer, M., Wang, Z., Williams, G. M. D., Woodward, G. & Ledger, M. E., 1 Apr 2019, In: Freshwater Biology. 64, 4, p. 750-760 11 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
10 Citations (Scopus)

226 Downloads (Pure)
Exploring tracer information and model framework trade‐offs to improve estimation of stream transient storage processes
Kelleher, C., Ward, A., Knapp, J. L. A., Blaen, P. J., Kurz, M. J., Drummond, J. D., Zarnetske, J. P., Hannah, D. M., Mendoza‐Lera, C., Schmadel, N. M., Datry, T., Lewandowski, J., Milner, A. M. & Krause, S., 30 Apr 2019, In: Water Resources Research. 55, 4, p. 3481-3501 21 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
10 Citations (Scopus)

152 Downloads (Pure)
Extreme drought pushes stream invertebrate communities over functional thresholds
Aspin, T., Khamis, K., Matthews, T., Milner, A., O'Callaghan, M., Trimmer, M., Woodward, G. & Ledger, M., Jan 2019, In: Global Change Biology. 25, 1, p. 230-244 15 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
27 Citations (Scopus)

259 Downloads (Pure)
Solute transport and transformation in an intermittent, headwater mountain stream with diurnal discharge fluctuations
Ward, A. S., Kurz, M. J., Schmadel, N. M., Knapp, J. L. A., Blaen, P. J., Harman, C. J., Drummond, J. D., Hannah, D. M., Krause, S., Li, A., Marti, E., Milner, A., Miller, M., Neil, K., Plont, S., Packman, A. I., Wisnoski, N. I., Wondzell, S. M. & Zarnetske, J. P., 1 Nov 2019, In: Water (Switzerland). 11, 11, 2208.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
3 Citations (Scopus)
Spatial and temporal variation in river corridor exchange across a 5th-order mountain stream network
Ward, A. S., Wondzell, S. M., Schmadel, N. M., Herzog, S., Zarnetske, J. P., Baranov, V., Blaen, P. J., Brekenfeld, N., Chu, R., Derelle, R., Drummond, J., Fleckenstein, J. H., Garayburu-Caruso, V., Graham, E., Hannah, D., Harman, C. J., Hixson, J., Knapp, J. L. A., Krause, S., Kurz, M. J., & 17 othersLewandowski, J., Li, A., Martí, E., Miller, M., Milner, A. M., Neil, K., Orsini, L., Packman, A. I., Plont, S., Renteria, L., Roche, K., Royer, T., Segura, C., Stegen, J., Toyoda, J., Wells, J. & Wisnoski, N. I., 20 Dec 2019, In: Hydrology and Earth System Sciences. 23, 12, p. 5199-5225 27 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
4 Citations (Scopus)
2018
Controls on stream hydrochemistry dynamics in a high Arctic snow-covered watershed
Docherty, C. L., Riis, T., Milner, A. M., Christofferson, K. S. & Hannah, D. M., 30 Oct 2018, In: Hydrological Processes. 32, 22, p. 3327-3340
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
2 Citations (Scopus)

181 Downloads (Pure)
Decline in Ecosystem δ¹³C and Mid-Successional Nitrogen Loss in a Two-Century Postglacial Chronosequence
Malone, E. T., Abbott, B. W., Klaar, M. J., Kidd, C., Sebilo, M., Milner, A. M. & Pinay, G., 13 Apr 2018, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Ecosystems. 17 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
19 Citations (Scopus)

219 Downloads (Pure)
Drought intensification drives turnover of structure and function in stream invertebrate communities
Aspin, T. W. H., Matthews, T. J., Khamis, K., Milner, A. M., Wang, Z., O'callaghan, M. J. & Ledger, M. E., 30 Nov 2018, In: Ecography. 41, 12, p. 1992-2004
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
24 Citations (Scopus)

210 Downloads (Pure)
Functional diversity and community assembly of river invertebrates show globally consistent responses to decreasing glacier cover
Brown, L. E., Khamis, K., Wilkes, M., Blaen, P., Brittain, J. E., Carrivick, J. L., Fell, S., Friberg, N., Füreder, L., Gislason, G. M., Hainie, S., Hannah, D. M., James, W. H. M., Lencioni, V., Olafsson, J. S., Robinson, C. T., Saltveit, S. J., Thompson, C. & Milner, A. M., Feb 2018, In: Nature Ecology and Evolution. 2, p. 325–333 9 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
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34 Citations (Scopus)

401 Downloads (Pure)
Nutrient uptake controls and limitation dynamics in north-east Greenland streams
Docherty, C. L., Riis, T., Hannah, D. M., Rosenhøj Leth, S. & Milner, A. M., 19 Mar 2018, In: Polar Research. 37, 1, 1440107.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
10 Citations (Scopus)

174 Downloads (Pure)
River ecosystem resilience to extreme flood events
Milner, A., Picken, J., Klaar, M. J., Robertson, A. L., Clitherow, L., Eagle, L. & Brown, L. E., 24 Jul 2018, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Ecology and Evolution.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
1 Citation (Scopus)

172 Downloads (Pure)
Spatio-temporal dynamics of macroinvertebrate communities in northeast Greenlandic snowmelt streams: Macroinvertebrate community dynamics in Greenlandic snowmelt streams
Docherty, C. L., Hannah, D. M., Riis, T., Lund, M., Abermann, J. & Milner, A. M., 6 Apr 2018, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Ecohydrology. e1982.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
4 Citations (Scopus)

131 Downloads (Pure)
Woody debris is related to reach-scale hotspots of lowland stream ecosystem respiration under baseflow conditions
Blaen, P. J., Kurz, M. J., Drummond, J. D., Knapp, J. L. A., Mendoza-Lera, C., Schmadel, N. M., Klaar, M. J., Jäger, A., Folegot, S., Lee-Cullin, J., Ward, A. S., Zarnetske, J. P., Datry, T., Milner, A. M., Lewandowski, J., Hannah, D. M. & Krause, S., 23 Mar 2018, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Ecohydrology. 9 p., e1952.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
20 Citations (Scopus)

175 Downloads (Pure)
2017
An inter-catchment assessment of macroinvertebrate communities across groundwater-fed streams within Denali National Park, interior Alaska
Windsor, F. M., Grocott, M. T. & Milner, A. M., 1 Jan 2017, In: Hydrobiologia. 785, 1, p. 373-384 12 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
4 Citations (Scopus)
Glacier shrinkage driving global changes in downstream systems
Milner, A. M., Khamis, K., Battin, T. J., Brittain, J. E., Barrand, N. E., Füreder, L., Cauvy-Fraunié, S., Gíslason, G. M., Jacobsen, D., Hannah, D. M., Hodson, A. J., Hood, E., Lencioni, V., Ólafsson, J. S., Robinson, C. T., Tranter, M. & Brown, L. E., 12 Sept 2017, In: National Academy of Sciences. Proceedings. 114, 37, p. 9770-9778 9 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
156 Citations (Scopus)

301 Downloads (Pure)
Large thermo-erosional tunnel for a river in northeast Greenland
Docherty, C. L., Hannah, D. M., Riis, T., Rosenhøj Leth, S. & Milner, A. M., Dec 2017, In: Polar Science. 14, p. 83-87
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
6 Citations (Scopus)

159 Downloads (Pure)
Longitudinal distribution of macroinvertebrates in snowmelt streams in northeast Greenland: understanding biophysical controls
Docherty, C. L., Hannah, D. M., Riis, T., Leth, S. R. & Milner, A. M., 20 Oct 2017, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Polar Biology. 14 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
6 Citations (Scopus)

207 Downloads (Pure)
Towards mountains without permanent snow and ice
Milner, A., 18 May 2017, In: Earth's Future. 5, 5, p. 418-435
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
155 Citations (Scopus)

55 Downloads (Pure)
2016
Controls on Arctic glacier-fed river water temperature
Mellor, C. J., Dugdale, S. J., Garner, G., Milner, A. M. & Hannah, D. M., 5 Dec 2016, (E-pub ahead of print) In: Hydrological Sciences Journal. p. 1-16 16 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
5 Citations (Scopus)

254 Downloads (Pure)
Detecting significant change in stream benthic macroinvertebrate communities in wilderness areas
Milner, A. M., Woodward, A., Freilich, J. E., Black, R. W. & Resh, V. H., Jan 2016, In: Ecological Indicators. 60, p. 524-537 14 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
12 Citations (Scopus)
Drought rewires the cores of food webs
Lu, X., Gray, C., Brown, L. E., Ledger, M. E., Milner, A. M., Mondragón, R. J., Woodward, G. & Ma, A., Sept 2016, In: Nature Climate Change. 6, 9, p. 875-878 5 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
39 Citations (Scopus)

195 Downloads (Pure)
Glacier–groundwater stress gradients control alpine river biodiversity
Khamis, K., Brown, L. E., Hannah, D. M. & Milner, A. M., 1 Oct 2016, In: Ecohydrology. 9, 7, p. 1263-1275 13 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
19 Citations (Scopus)
The effects of climatic fluctuations and extreme events on running water ecosystems
Woodward, G., Bonada, N., Brown, L. E., Death, R. G., Durance, I., Gray, C., Hladyz, S., Ledger, M. E., Milner, A. M., Ormerod, S. J., Thompson, R. M. & Pawar, S., 19 May 2016, In: Royal Society of London. Proceedings B. Biological Sciences. 371, 1694, 20150274.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
81 Citations (Scopus)

227 Downloads (Pure)
The Milner and Petts (1994) Conceptual Model of Community Structure Within Glacier-Fed Rivers: 20 Years On
Milner, A. M., 19 Apr 2016, River Science: Research and Management for the 21st Century. Wiley-Blackwell, p. 156-170 15 p.
Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter
7 Citations (Scopus)
2015
Experimental evidence that predator range expansion modifies alpine stream community structure
Khamis, K., Brown, L. E., Hannah, D. M. & Milner, A. M., Mar 2015, In: Freshwater Science. 34, 1, p. 66-80 15 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
15 Citations (Scopus)
Extreme events in running waters
Ledger, M. E. & Milner, A. M., Dec 2015, In: Freshwater Biology. 60, 12, p. 2455-2460 6 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Special issue › peer-review
55 Citations (Scopus)
Heat exchange processes and thermal dynamics of a glacier-fed alpine stream
Khamis, K., Brown, L. E., Milner, A. M. & Hannah, D. M., 2015, In: Hydrological Processes. p. n/a-n/a
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
14 Citations (Scopus)

165 Downloads (Pure)
Stream ecosystem responses to an extreme rainfall event across multiple catchments in southeast Alaska
Robertson, A. L., Brown, L. E., Klaar, M. J. & Milner, A. M., Dec 2015, In: Freshwater Biology. 60, 12, p. 2523-2534 12 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Special issue › peer-review
15 Citations (Scopus)
Vegetation succession in deglaciated landscapes : implications for sediment and landscape stability
Klaar, M. J., Kidd, C., Malone, E., Bartlett, R., Pinay, G., Chapin, F. S. & Milner, A., 18 Jun 2015, In: Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 40, 8, p. 1088–1100
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Open Access
File
33 Citations (Scopus)

643 Downloads (Pure)
2014
Environmental drivers of macroinvertebrate communities in high Arctic rivers (Svalbard)
Blaen, P. J., Brown, L. E., Hannah, D. M. & Milner, A. M., Feb 2014, In: Freshwater Biology. 59, 2, p. 378-391 14 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
19 Citations (Scopus)
Impact of changing hydrology on nutrient uptake in high arctic rivers
Blaen, P. J., Milner, A. M., Hannah, D. M., Brittain, J. E. & Brown, L. E., 1 Nov 2014, In: River Research and Applications. 30, 9, p. 1073-1083 11 p.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
11 Citations (Scopus)

Sandy Milner

Research output

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