Abstract
Many neurodegenerative diseases exhibit protein accumulation and increased oxidative stress. Therapeutic strategies include clearing aggregate-prone proteins by enhancing autophagy or decreasing oxidative stress with antioxidants. Many autophagy-inducing stimuli increase reactive oxygen species (ROS), raising concerns that the benefits of autophagy up-regulation may be counterbalanced by ROS toxicity. Here we show that not all autophagy inducers significantly increase ROS. However, many antioxidants inhibit both basal and induced autophagy. By blocking autophagy, antioxidant drugs can increase the levels of aggregate-prone proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease. In fly and zebrafish models of Huntington's disease, antioxidants exacerbate the disease phenotype and abrogate the rescue seen with autophagy-inducing agents. Thus, the potential benefits in neurodegenerative diseases of some classes of antioxidants may be compromised by their autophagy-blocking properties.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 3413-29 |
Number of pages | 17 |
Journal | Human Molecular Genetics |
Volume | 19 |
Issue number | 17 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Sept 2010 |
Keywords
- Animals
- Antioxidants
- Autophagy
- COS Cells
- Cercopithecus aethiops
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drosophila
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Oxidative Stress
- Peptides
- Reactive Oxygen Species
- Zebrafish