The role of powder atomisation route on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed Inconel 625

Alessandro Sergi; Raja H.U. Khan; Moataz M. Attallah

doi:10.1016/j.msea.2021.140950

The role of powder atomisation route on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed Inconel 625

Alessandro Sergi, Raja H.U. Khan, Moataz M. Attallah^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Metallurgy and Materials

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

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Abstract

The powder's characteristics and its purity can greatly influence the properties of nickel (Ni)-base superalloys parts produced by near net-shape powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (NNS PM HIP) manufacturing process. In this study, Inconel 625 (IN625) powders produced using four different atomisation routes, argon, nitrogen, plasma and water atomisation (AGA, NGA, PA, WA, respectively) were investigated. The first section of this study is focused on the determination of powder characteristics which includes chemical composition, particle size distribution (PSD), tap density and powder's cross-section analysis, whereas the second section is about hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) of the four powder types and to assess the impact of the powder characteristics on the microstructure-property development after HIPping. To gain an understanding of the surface chemistry of the powders, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis were carried out on the surface of the four powders. The latter analysis highlighted fundamental differences on the powder's surface, especially the differences in the surface and near-surface distribution of the alloying elements i.e. C, O, Cr, Mo and Nb present in the alloy chemistry. The micrographs of the four IN625 hot isostatically pressed (HIPped) powders revealed a fully dense microstructure with the presence of prior particle boundaries (PPBs). The atomisation route greatly impacted the nature and amount of PPBs, as well as on the fractions and sizes of oxides, carbides, oxycarbides and oxycarbonitrides precipitates. WA showed the most severe presence of PPBs, followed by NGA, AGA and lastly PA. The powder quality has a greater impact on the mechanical properties of as-HIPped materials, especially on ductility. Overall, PA HIPped IN625 possessed the optimum balance between tensile strength, ductility and Charpy impact properties once compared to the others and match the properties to wrought IN625 material.

Original language	English
Article number	140950
Number of pages	14
Journal	Materials Science and Engineering A
Volume	808
Early online date	17 Feb 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2021.140950
Publication status	Published - 18 Mar 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
AS acknowledges the Centre of Doctoral Training in Innovative Metal Processing (IMPaCT), funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council , and the National Structural Integrity Research Centre (NSIRC) for funding his PhD at the University of Birmingham. The authors warmly thank the European Union H2020 and the “Sustainable Process Industry through Resource and Energy Efficiency” (SPIRE) programmes, which funded this project under grant agreement n° 768612 . The authors also acknowledge the support of the Henry Royce Institute for A. Sergi through the Royce PhD Equipment Access Scheme, enabling access to XPS at Royce@Imperial; EPSRC Grant number EP/R00661X/1 .

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier B.V.

Keywords

Mechanical properties
Microstructure
Ni-base superalloys
Powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Mechanics of Materials
Mechanical Engineering

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title = "The role of powder atomisation route on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed Inconel 625",

abstract = "The powder's characteristics and its purity can greatly influence the properties of nickel (Ni)-base superalloys parts produced by near net-shape powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (NNS PM HIP) manufacturing process. In this study, Inconel 625 (IN625) powders produced using four different atomisation routes, argon, nitrogen, plasma and water atomisation (AGA, NGA, PA, WA, respectively) were investigated. The first section of this study is focused on the determination of powder characteristics which includes chemical composition, particle size distribution (PSD), tap density and powder's cross-section analysis, whereas the second section is about hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) of the four powder types and to assess the impact of the powder characteristics on the microstructure-property development after HIPping. To gain an understanding of the surface chemistry of the powders, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis were carried out on the surface of the four powders. The latter analysis highlighted fundamental differences on the powder's surface, especially the differences in the surface and near-surface distribution of the alloying elements i.e. C, O, Cr, Mo and Nb present in the alloy chemistry. The micrographs of the four IN625 hot isostatically pressed (HIPped) powders revealed a fully dense microstructure with the presence of prior particle boundaries (PPBs). The atomisation route greatly impacted the nature and amount of PPBs, as well as on the fractions and sizes of oxides, carbides, oxycarbides and oxycarbonitrides precipitates. WA showed the most severe presence of PPBs, followed by NGA, AGA and lastly PA. The powder quality has a greater impact on the mechanical properties of as-HIPped materials, especially on ductility. Overall, PA HIPped IN625 possessed the optimum balance between tensile strength, ductility and Charpy impact properties once compared to the others and match the properties to wrought IN625 material.",

keywords = "Mechanical properties, Microstructure, Ni-base superalloys, Powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy",

author = "Alessandro Sergi and Khan, {Raja H.U.} and Attallah, {Moataz M.}",

note = "Funding Information: AS acknowledges the Centre of Doctoral Training in Innovative Metal Processing (IMPaCT), funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council , and the National Structural Integrity Research Centre (NSIRC) for funding his PhD at the University of Birmingham. The authors warmly thank the European Union H2020 and the “Sustainable Process Industry through Resource and Energy Efficiency” (SPIRE) programmes, which funded this project under grant agreement n° 768612 . The authors also acknowledge the support of the Henry Royce Institute for A. Sergi through the Royce PhD Equipment Access Scheme, enabling access to XPS at Royce@Imperial; EPSRC Grant number EP/R00661X/1 . Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier B.V.",

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N1 - Funding Information: AS acknowledges the Centre of Doctoral Training in Innovative Metal Processing (IMPaCT), funded by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council , and the National Structural Integrity Research Centre (NSIRC) for funding his PhD at the University of Birmingham. The authors warmly thank the European Union H2020 and the “Sustainable Process Industry through Resource and Energy Efficiency” (SPIRE) programmes, which funded this project under grant agreement n° 768612 . The authors also acknowledge the support of the Henry Royce Institute for A. Sergi through the Royce PhD Equipment Access Scheme, enabling access to XPS at Royce@Imperial; EPSRC Grant number EP/R00661X/1 . Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Elsevier B.V.

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N2 - The powder's characteristics and its purity can greatly influence the properties of nickel (Ni)-base superalloys parts produced by near net-shape powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (NNS PM HIP) manufacturing process. In this study, Inconel 625 (IN625) powders produced using four different atomisation routes, argon, nitrogen, plasma and water atomisation (AGA, NGA, PA, WA, respectively) were investigated. The first section of this study is focused on the determination of powder characteristics which includes chemical composition, particle size distribution (PSD), tap density and powder's cross-section analysis, whereas the second section is about hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) of the four powder types and to assess the impact of the powder characteristics on the microstructure-property development after HIPping. To gain an understanding of the surface chemistry of the powders, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis were carried out on the surface of the four powders. The latter analysis highlighted fundamental differences on the powder's surface, especially the differences in the surface and near-surface distribution of the alloying elements i.e. C, O, Cr, Mo and Nb present in the alloy chemistry. The micrographs of the four IN625 hot isostatically pressed (HIPped) powders revealed a fully dense microstructure with the presence of prior particle boundaries (PPBs). The atomisation route greatly impacted the nature and amount of PPBs, as well as on the fractions and sizes of oxides, carbides, oxycarbides and oxycarbonitrides precipitates. WA showed the most severe presence of PPBs, followed by NGA, AGA and lastly PA. The powder quality has a greater impact on the mechanical properties of as-HIPped materials, especially on ductility. Overall, PA HIPped IN625 possessed the optimum balance between tensile strength, ductility and Charpy impact properties once compared to the others and match the properties to wrought IN625 material.

AB - The powder's characteristics and its purity can greatly influence the properties of nickel (Ni)-base superalloys parts produced by near net-shape powder metallurgy hot isostatic pressing (NNS PM HIP) manufacturing process. In this study, Inconel 625 (IN625) powders produced using four different atomisation routes, argon, nitrogen, plasma and water atomisation (AGA, NGA, PA, WA, respectively) were investigated. The first section of this study is focused on the determination of powder characteristics which includes chemical composition, particle size distribution (PSD), tap density and powder's cross-section analysis, whereas the second section is about hot isostatic pressing (HIPping) of the four powder types and to assess the impact of the powder characteristics on the microstructure-property development after HIPping. To gain an understanding of the surface chemistry of the powders, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis were carried out on the surface of the four powders. The latter analysis highlighted fundamental differences on the powder's surface, especially the differences in the surface and near-surface distribution of the alloying elements i.e. C, O, Cr, Mo and Nb present in the alloy chemistry. The micrographs of the four IN625 hot isostatically pressed (HIPped) powders revealed a fully dense microstructure with the presence of prior particle boundaries (PPBs). The atomisation route greatly impacted the nature and amount of PPBs, as well as on the fractions and sizes of oxides, carbides, oxycarbides and oxycarbonitrides precipitates. WA showed the most severe presence of PPBs, followed by NGA, AGA and lastly PA. The powder quality has a greater impact on the mechanical properties of as-HIPped materials, especially on ductility. Overall, PA HIPped IN625 possessed the optimum balance between tensile strength, ductility and Charpy impact properties once compared to the others and match the properties to wrought IN625 material.

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The role of powder atomisation route on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hot isostatically pressed Inconel 625

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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