Spin-orbit coupled spin-polarised hole gas at the CrSe2-terminated surface of AgCrSe2

Gesa R. Siemann; Seo Jin Kim; Edgar Abarca Morales; Philip A.E. Murgatroyd; Andela Zivanovic; Brendan Edwards; Igor Marković; Federico Mazzola; Liam Trzaska; Oliver J. Clark; Chiara Bigi; Haijing Zhang; Barat Achinuq; Thorsten Hesjedal; Matthew D. Watson; Timur K. Kim; Peter Bencok; Gerrit van der Laan; Craig M. Polley; Mats Leandersson; Hanna Fedderwitz; Khadiza Ali; Thiagarajan Balasubramanian; Marcus Schmidt; Michael Baenitz; Helge Rosner; Phil D.C. King

doi:10.1038/s41535-023-00593-4

Spin-orbit coupled spin-polarised hole gas at the CrSe₂-terminated surface of AgCrSe₂

Gesa R. Siemann, Seo Jin Kim, Edgar Abarca Morales, Philip A.E. Murgatroyd, Andela Zivanovic, Brendan Edwards, Igor Marković, Federico Mazzola, Liam Trzaska, Oliver J. Clark, Chiara Bigi, Haijing Zhang, Barat Achinuq, Thorsten Hesjedal, Matthew D. Watson, Timur K. Kim, Peter Bencok, Gerrit van der Laan, Craig M. Polley, Mats LeanderssonHanna Fedderwitz, Khadiza Ali, Thiagarajan Balasubramanian, Marcus Schmidt, Michael Baenitz, Helge Rosner, Phil D.C. King^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

In half-metallic systems, electronic conduction is mediated by a single spin species, offering enormous potential for spintronic devices. Here, using microscopic-area angle-resolved photoemission, we show that a spin-polarised two-dimensional hole gas is naturally realised in the polar magnetic semiconductor AgCrSe₂ by an intrinsic self-doping at its CrSe₂-terminated surface. Through comparison with first-principles calculations, we unveil a striking role of spin-orbit coupling for the surface hole gas, unlocked by both bulk and surface inversion symmetry breaking, suggesting routes for stabilising complex magnetic textures in the surface layer of AgCrSe₂.

Original language	English
Article number	61
Number of pages	7
Journal	npj Quantum Materials
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-023-00593-4
Publication status	Published - 21 Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank Tommaso Antonelli for useful discussions and are grateful to Ulrike Nitzsche for technical support at the IFW high-performance computational environment. We gratefully acknowledge support from the European Research Council (through the QUESTDO project, 714193), the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Grant No. EP/T02108X/1), and the Leverhulme Trust (Grant No. RL-2016-006). S.-J.K., E.A.M., A.Z., and I.M. gratefully acknowledge studentship support from the International Max-Planck Research School for Chemistry and Physics of Quantum Materials. We gratefully acknowledge MAX IV Laboratory for time on the Bloch beamline under Proposal Nos. 20190302, 20190735, 20200227, and Diamond Light Source for access to Beamlines I05 and I10 (Proposals SI28412, SI31035, and MM28727), which contributed to the results presented here. Research conducted at MAX IV, a Swedish national user facility, is supported by the Swedish Research Council under contract 2018-07152, the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems under contract 2018-04969, and Formas under contract 2019-02496. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, Springer Nature Limited.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Condensed Matter Physics

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Cite this

Siemann, G. R., Kim, S. J., Morales, E. A., Murgatroyd, P. A. E., Zivanovic, A., Edwards, B., Marković, I., Mazzola, F., Trzaska, L., Clark, O. J., Bigi, C., Zhang, H., Achinuq, B., Hesjedal, T., Watson, M. D., Kim, T. K., Bencok, P., van der Laan, G., Polley, C. M., ... King, P. D. C. (2023). Spin-orbit coupled spin-polarised hole gas at the CrSe₂-terminated surface of AgCrSe₂. npj Quantum Materials, 8(1), Article 61. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-023-00593-4

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title = "Spin-orbit coupled spin-polarised hole gas at the CrSe2-terminated surface of AgCrSe2",

abstract = "In half-metallic systems, electronic conduction is mediated by a single spin species, offering enormous potential for spintronic devices. Here, using microscopic-area angle-resolved photoemission, we show that a spin-polarised two-dimensional hole gas is naturally realised in the polar magnetic semiconductor AgCrSe2 by an intrinsic self-doping at its CrSe2-terminated surface. Through comparison with first-principles calculations, we unveil a striking role of spin-orbit coupling for the surface hole gas, unlocked by both bulk and surface inversion symmetry breaking, suggesting routes for stabilising complex magnetic textures in the surface layer of AgCrSe2.",

author = "Siemann, {Gesa R.} and Kim, {Seo Jin} and Morales, {Edgar Abarca} and Murgatroyd, {Philip A.E.} and Andela Zivanovic and Brendan Edwards and Igor Markovi{\'c} and Federico Mazzola and Liam Trzaska and Clark, {Oliver J.} and Chiara Bigi and Haijing Zhang and Barat Achinuq and Thorsten Hesjedal and Watson, {Matthew D.} and Kim, {Timur K.} and Peter Bencok and {van der Laan}, Gerrit and Polley, {Craig M.} and Mats Leandersson and Hanna Fedderwitz and Khadiza Ali and Thiagarajan Balasubramanian and Marcus Schmidt and Michael Baenitz and Helge Rosner and King, {Phil D.C.}",

note = "Funding Information: We thank Tommaso Antonelli for useful discussions and are grateful to Ulrike Nitzsche for technical support at the IFW high-performance computational environment. We gratefully acknowledge support from the European Research Council (through the QUESTDO project, 714193), the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Grant No. EP/T02108X/1), and the Leverhulme Trust (Grant No. RL-2016-006). S.-J.K., E.A.M., A.Z., and I.M. gratefully acknowledge studentship support from the International Max-Planck Research School for Chemistry and Physics of Quantum Materials. We gratefully acknowledge MAX IV Laboratory for time on the Bloch beamline under Proposal Nos. 20190302, 20190735, 20200227, and Diamond Light Source for access to Beamlines I05 and I10 (Proposals SI28412, SI31035, and MM28727), which contributed to the results presented here. Research conducted at MAX IV, a Swedish national user facility, is supported by the Swedish Research Council under contract 2018-07152, the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems under contract 2018-04969, and Formas under contract 2019-02496. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, Springer Nature Limited.",

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Siemann, GR, Kim, SJ, Morales, EA, Murgatroyd, PAE, Zivanovic, A, Edwards, B, Marković, I, Mazzola, F, Trzaska, L, Clark, OJ, Bigi, C, Zhang, H, Achinuq, B, Hesjedal, T, Watson, MD, Kim, TK, Bencok, P, van der Laan, G, Polley, CM, Leandersson, M, Fedderwitz, H, Ali, K, Balasubramanian, T, Schmidt, M, Baenitz, M, Rosner, H & King, PDC 2023, 'Spin-orbit coupled spin-polarised hole gas at the CrSe₂-terminated surface of AgCrSe₂', npj Quantum Materials, vol. 8, no. 1, 61. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41535-023-00593-4

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T1 - Spin-orbit coupled spin-polarised hole gas at the CrSe2-terminated surface of AgCrSe2

AU - Siemann, Gesa R.

AU - Kim, Seo Jin

AU - Morales, Edgar Abarca

AU - Murgatroyd, Philip A.E.

AU - Zivanovic, Andela

AU - Edwards, Brendan

AU - Marković, Igor

AU - Mazzola, Federico

AU - Trzaska, Liam

AU - Clark, Oliver J.

AU - Bigi, Chiara

AU - Zhang, Haijing

AU - Achinuq, Barat

AU - Hesjedal, Thorsten

AU - Watson, Matthew D.

AU - Kim, Timur K.

AU - Bencok, Peter

AU - van der Laan, Gerrit

AU - Polley, Craig M.

AU - Leandersson, Mats

AU - Fedderwitz, Hanna

AU - Ali, Khadiza

AU - Balasubramanian, Thiagarajan

AU - Schmidt, Marcus

AU - Baenitz, Michael

AU - Rosner, Helge

AU - King, Phil D.C.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank Tommaso Antonelli for useful discussions and are grateful to Ulrike Nitzsche for technical support at the IFW high-performance computational environment. We gratefully acknowledge support from the European Research Council (through the QUESTDO project, 714193), the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (Grant No. EP/T02108X/1), and the Leverhulme Trust (Grant No. RL-2016-006). S.-J.K., E.A.M., A.Z., and I.M. gratefully acknowledge studentship support from the International Max-Planck Research School for Chemistry and Physics of Quantum Materials. We gratefully acknowledge MAX IV Laboratory for time on the Bloch beamline under Proposal Nos. 20190302, 20190735, 20200227, and Diamond Light Source for access to Beamlines I05 and I10 (Proposals SI28412, SI31035, and MM28727), which contributed to the results presented here. Research conducted at MAX IV, a Swedish national user facility, is supported by the Swedish Research Council under contract 2018-07152, the Swedish Governmental Agency for Innovation Systems under contract 2018-04969, and Formas under contract 2019-02496. The research leading to this result has been supported by the project CALIPSOplus under Grant Agreement 730872 from the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation HORIZON 2020. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising. Publisher Copyright: © 2023, Springer Nature Limited.

PY - 2023/10/21

Y1 - 2023/10/21

N2 - In half-metallic systems, electronic conduction is mediated by a single spin species, offering enormous potential for spintronic devices. Here, using microscopic-area angle-resolved photoemission, we show that a spin-polarised two-dimensional hole gas is naturally realised in the polar magnetic semiconductor AgCrSe2 by an intrinsic self-doping at its CrSe2-terminated surface. Through comparison with first-principles calculations, we unveil a striking role of spin-orbit coupling for the surface hole gas, unlocked by both bulk and surface inversion symmetry breaking, suggesting routes for stabilising complex magnetic textures in the surface layer of AgCrSe2.

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