Ionospheric electron density over Resolute Bay according to E-CHAIM model and RISR radar measurements

B. Larson; A. V. Koustov; D. R. Themens; R. G. Gillies

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2023.01.017

Ionospheric electron density over Resolute Bay according to E-CHAIM model and RISR radar measurements

B. Larson, A. V. Koustov^*, D. R. Themens, R. G. Gillies

^*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the northern polar cap. Reasonable coverage was available for all seasons except winter for which no conclusions were drawn. It is shown that ratios of the model-to measured electron densities are close to unity in the central part of the F layer, around its peak. This is particularly evident for summer daytime. Distributions of the ratios are wider for other seasons indicating larger number of cases when the model underestimates or overestimates. E-CHAIM underestimates the electron density at ionospheric topside and bottomside by ∼ 10–20 %. At the bottomside, the underestimations are strongest in summer and equinoctial nighttime. At the topside, the underestimations are strongest in autumn nighttime. Model overestimations are noticeable in the middle part of the F layer during dawn hours in autumn. Overall, the model tends to not predict highest-observed peak electron densities and the largest-observed heights of the peak.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2759-2769
Number of pages	11
Journal	Advances in Space Research
Volume	71
Issue number	6
Early online date	13 Jan 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2023.01.017
Publication status	Published - 15 Mar 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The research was supported by an NSERC Discovery grant and a research grant from CSA to A.V.K. The University of Calgary RISR-C radar is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation and is a partnership with the US National Science Foundation and SRI International. RISR-N operations were supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement 1840962 to SRI International. E-CHAIM is supported under Defense Research and Development Canada contract number W7714-186507/001/SS and is maintained by the Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN) with operations support from the Canadian Space Agency. E-CHAIM version 3.2.1 was used in this work. RISR-N/C data are available at the Madrigal database http://madrigal.phys.ucalgary.ca (both radars) or http://data.phys.ucalgary.ca (RISR-C). The data used in this work are also freely available through the NSF-supported Open Madrigal Initiative (http://cedar.openmadrigal.org/openmadrigal). The E-CHAIM model can be downloaded, after registration, from https://chain-new.chain-project.net/index.php/projects/chaim/e-chaim.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 COSPAR

Keywords

E-CHAIM model
Electron density
Incoherent scatter radars
Instruments and techniques
Ionospheric physics
Modeling
Polar cap

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Aerospace Engineering
Astronomy and Astrophysics
Geophysics
Atmospheric Science
Space and Planetary Science
General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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@article{bb93d44257d3484f9dd193c4ab280471,

title = "Ionospheric electron density over Resolute Bay according to E-CHAIM model and RISR radar measurements",

abstract = "In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the northern polar cap. Reasonable coverage was available for all seasons except winter for which no conclusions were drawn. It is shown that ratios of the model-to measured electron densities are close to unity in the central part of the F layer, around its peak. This is particularly evident for summer daytime. Distributions of the ratios are wider for other seasons indicating larger number of cases when the model underestimates or overestimates. E-CHAIM underestimates the electron density at ionospheric topside and bottomside by ∼ 10–20 %. At the bottomside, the underestimations are strongest in summer and equinoctial nighttime. At the topside, the underestimations are strongest in autumn nighttime. Model overestimations are noticeable in the middle part of the F layer during dawn hours in autumn. Overall, the model tends to not predict highest-observed peak electron densities and the largest-observed heights of the peak.",

keywords = "E-CHAIM model, Electron density, Incoherent scatter radars, Instruments and techniques, Ionospheric physics, Modeling, Polar cap",

author = "B. Larson and Koustov, {A. V.} and Themens, {D. R.} and Gillies, {R. G.}",

note = "Funding Information: The research was supported by an NSERC Discovery grant and a research grant from CSA to A.V.K. The University of Calgary RISR-C radar is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation and is a partnership with the US National Science Foundation and SRI International. RISR-N operations were supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement 1840962 to SRI International. E-CHAIM is supported under Defense Research and Development Canada contract number W7714-186507/001/SS and is maintained by the Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN) with operations support from the Canadian Space Agency. E-CHAIM version 3.2.1 was used in this work. RISR-N/C data are available at the Madrigal database http://madrigal.phys.ucalgary.ca (both radars) or http://data.phys.ucalgary.ca (RISR-C). The data used in this work are also freely available through the NSF-supported Open Madrigal Initiative (http://cedar.openmadrigal.org/openmadrigal). The E-CHAIM model can be downloaded, after registration, from https://chain-new.chain-project.net/index.php/projects/chaim/e-chaim. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 COSPAR ",

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doi = "10.1016/j.asr.2023.01.017",

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AU - Larson, B.

AU - Koustov, A. V.

AU - Themens, D. R.

AU - Gillies, R. G.

N1 - Funding Information: The research was supported by an NSERC Discovery grant and a research grant from CSA to A.V.K. The University of Calgary RISR-C radar is funded by the Canada Foundation for Innovation and is a partnership with the US National Science Foundation and SRI International. RISR-N operations were supported by NSF Cooperative Agreement 1840962 to SRI International. E-CHAIM is supported under Defense Research and Development Canada contract number W7714-186507/001/SS and is maintained by the Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Network (CHAIN) with operations support from the Canadian Space Agency. E-CHAIM version 3.2.1 was used in this work. RISR-N/C data are available at the Madrigal database http://madrigal.phys.ucalgary.ca (both radars) or http://data.phys.ucalgary.ca (RISR-C). The data used in this work are also freely available through the NSF-supported Open Madrigal Initiative (http://cedar.openmadrigal.org/openmadrigal). The E-CHAIM model can be downloaded, after registration, from https://chain-new.chain-project.net/index.php/projects/chaim/e-chaim. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 COSPAR

PY - 2023/3/15

Y1 - 2023/3/15

N2 - In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the northern polar cap. Reasonable coverage was available for all seasons except winter for which no conclusions were drawn. It is shown that ratios of the model-to measured electron densities are close to unity in the central part of the F layer, around its peak. This is particularly evident for summer daytime. Distributions of the ratios are wider for other seasons indicating larger number of cases when the model underestimates or overestimates. E-CHAIM underestimates the electron density at ionospheric topside and bottomside by ∼ 10–20 %. At the bottomside, the underestimations are strongest in summer and equinoctial nighttime. At the topside, the underestimations are strongest in autumn nighttime. Model overestimations are noticeable in the middle part of the F layer during dawn hours in autumn. Overall, the model tends to not predict highest-observed peak electron densities and the largest-observed heights of the peak.

AB - In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the northern polar cap. Reasonable coverage was available for all seasons except winter for which no conclusions were drawn. It is shown that ratios of the model-to measured electron densities are close to unity in the central part of the F layer, around its peak. This is particularly evident for summer daytime. Distributions of the ratios are wider for other seasons indicating larger number of cases when the model underestimates or overestimates. E-CHAIM underestimates the electron density at ionospheric topside and bottomside by ∼ 10–20 %. At the bottomside, the underestimations are strongest in summer and equinoctial nighttime. At the topside, the underestimations are strongest in autumn nighttime. Model overestimations are noticeable in the middle part of the F layer during dawn hours in autumn. Overall, the model tends to not predict highest-observed peak electron densities and the largest-observed heights of the peak.

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KW - Electron density

KW - Incoherent scatter radars

KW - Instruments and techniques

KW - Ionospheric physics

KW - Modeling

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DO - 10.1016/j.asr.2023.01.017

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85146624643

SN - 0273-1177

VL - 71

SP - 2759

EP - 2769

JO - Advances in Space Research

JF - Advances in Space Research

IS - 6

ER -

Ionospheric electron density over Resolute Bay according to E-CHAIM model and RISR radar measurements

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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