Abstract
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a T-cell malignancy predominantly driven by a hyperactive anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion protein. ALK inhibitors, such as crizotinib, provide alternatives to standard chemotherapy with reduced toxicity and side effects. Children with lymphomas driven by nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)-ALK fusion proteins achieved an objective response rate to ALK inhibition therapy of 54% to 90% in clinical trials; however, a subset of patients progressed within the first 3 months of treatment. The mechanism for the development of ALK inhibitor resistance is unknown. Through genome-wide clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) activation and knockout screens in ALCL cell lines, combined with RNA sequencing data derived from ALK inhibitor–relapsed patient tumors, we show that resistance to ALK inhibition by crizotinib in ALCL can be driven by aberrant upregulation of interleukin 10 receptor subunit alpha (IL10RA). Elevated IL10RA expression rewires the STAT3 signaling pathway, bypassing otherwise critical phosphorylation by NPM1-ALK. IL-10RA expression does not correlate with response to standard chemotherapy in pediatric patients, suggesting that a combination of crizotinib and chemotherapy could prevent ALK inhibitor resistance–specific relapse. Key Points: • Genome-wide CRISPR activation and knockout screens identify genes involved in modulating sensitivity to crizotinib in NPM1-ALK+ ALCL. • In an autocrine loop, the interleukin-10 receptor activates STAT3, bypassing NPM1-ALK, to bind to the promoters of IL10, IL10RA, and IL10RB.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 1657-1669 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Blood |
Volume | 136 |
Issue number | 14 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:N.P., H.-C.L., G.G.S., I.A.M.-M., S.P.D., C.L., L.K., O.M., R.C., W.W., C.G.-P., S. Pospisilova, and S.D.T were supported by a European Union Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network Grant (675712). L.C.L. was supported by a Cancer Research UK-Cambridge Centre studentship. J.M.M. was supported by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory international program. H.L. was the recipient of a Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge Pathology Centenary Fund studentship. J.D.M. and S.D.F received a PhD studentship from the Alex Hulme Foundation. S. Pospisilova was supported by the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic–Conceptual Development of Research Organization (FNBr, 65269705). R.C. is funded by the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (5R01-CA196703), I.B. is funded by Cancer Research UK (RG86786), the MAPPYACTS trial by grants from the Institut National du Cancer (PHRC-K14–175), Foundation ARC (grant MAPY201501241) and Association Imagine for Margo, and S.D.T by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under project Central European Institute for Technology 2020 (LQ1601).
Funding Information:
The authors thank the National Institutes for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Cell phenotyping hub, the Bauer Core Facility at Harvard University, Elisabeth Gurnhofer, Sandra Högler, Simone Tangermann, Truong Tu Truong, Ricky M. Trigg, Valentina Miano, Luca Pandolfini, Martin Zimmermann, and Tiphaine Adam de Beaumais. N.P. H.-C.L. G.G.S. I.A.M.-M. S.P.D. C.L. L.K. O.M. R.C. W.W. C.G.-P. S. Pospisilova, and S.D.T were supported by a European Union Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network Grant (675712). L.C.L. was supported by a Cancer Research UK-Cambridge Centre studentship. J.M.M. was supported by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory international program. H.L. was the recipient of a Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge Pathology Centenary Fund studentship. J.D.M. and S.D.F received a PhD studentship from the Alex Hulme Foundation. S. Pospisilova was supported by the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic–Conceptual Development of Research Organization (FNBr, 65269705). R.C. is funded by the National Institutes of Health, National Cancer Institute (5R01-CA196703), I.B. is funded by Cancer Research UK (RG86786), the MAPPYACTS trial by grants from the Institut National du Cancer (PHRC-K14–175), Foundation ARC (grant MAPY201501241) and Association Imagine for Margo, and S.D.T by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic under project Central European Institute for Technology 2020 (LQ1601).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Society of Hematology
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Cell Biology