Heat transfer enhancement in gas-solid flow

By adding particles into a gas flow, a gas-solid flow is formed. As the gas velocity increases, the gas-solid flow shows different patterns as bubbling fluidization, circulating fluidization and pneumatic conveying, in which the concentration of particles and the motion of gas-solid mixture are different, influencing the heat transfer between the gas-solid flow and immersed surface. In this paper, the heat transfer characters of the three flow patterns are reviewed, and the influencing factors, heat transfer mechanism and models are summarized. The concentration of particles and their movement play a decisive role on the heat transfer, and the operating parameters (gas velocity, bed pressure, bed temperature, etc) influence the heat transfer through changing the particle concentration and movement. A case of heat transfer enhancement, the heat exchange between gas-solid mixture and fixed bed, is analyzed. In addition, the future research area and the difficulty are presented.