Abstract
We study how firms adjust their financial positions around the times when they undertake lumpy adjustments in capital or employment. Using U.S. firm level data, we document systematic patterns of cash and debt financing around lumpy adjustment, remarkably similar across capital and employment. Firm-specific fundamentals reflected in Tobin’s Q, profitability and productivity are leading indicators of lumpy adjustment. Cash and debt capacity are actively manipulated, and contribute significantly quantitatively, to increase financial resources in anticipation of the expansion of firm capacity. Lumpy contractions in productive capacity follow years where firms reduce cash balances and hold above average levels of debt. During and after contractions, firms rebuild cash and reduce debt growth significantly in a concerted effort to restore financial resources by adjusting their productive operations.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 10448 |
Number of pages | 21 |
Journal | European Economic Review |
Volume | 156 |
Early online date | 29 May 2023 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Jul 2023 |
Keywords
- Lumpy adjustment
- Firm capital and employment dynamics
- Leverage
- Debt
- Cash