Fecal Metabolome and Bacterial Composition in Severe Obesity: Impact of Diet and Bariatric Surgery

Nuria Salazar; Manuel Ponce-Alonso; María Garriga; Sergio Sánchez-Carrillo; Ana María Hernández-Barranco; Begoña Redruello; María Fernández; José Ignacio Botella-Carretero; Belén Vega-Piñero; Javier Galeano; Javier Zamora; Manuel Ferrer; Clara G. de Los Reyes-Gavilán; Rosa Del Campo

doi:10.1080/19490976.2022.2106102

Fecal Metabolome and Bacterial Composition in Severe Obesity: Impact of Diet and Bariatric Surgery

Nuria Salazar, Manuel Ponce-Alonso, María Garriga, Sergio Sánchez-Carrillo, Ana María Hernández-Barranco, Begoña Redruello, María Fernández, José Ignacio Botella-Carretero, Belén Vega-Piñero, Javier Galeano, Javier Zamora, Manuel Ferrer, Clara G. de Los Reyes-Gavilán^*, Rosa Del Campo^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Metabolism and Systems Research

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to monitor the impact of a preoperative low-calorie diet and bariatric surgery on the bacterial gut microbiota composition and functionality in severe obesity and to compare sleeve gastrectomy (SG) versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The study also aimed to incorporate big data analysis for the omics results and machine learning by a Lasso-based analysis to detect the potential markers for excess weight loss. Forty patients who underwent bariatric surgery were recruited (14 underwent SG, and 26 underwent RYGB). Each participant contributed 4 fecal samples (baseline, post-diet, 1 month after surgery and 3 months after surgery). The bacterial composition was determined by 16S rDNA massive sequencing using MiSeq (Illumina). Metabolic signatures associated to fecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, biogenic amines, gamma-aminobutyric acid and ammonium were determined by gas and liquid chromatography. Orange 3 software was employed to correlate the variables, and a Lasso analysis was employed to predict the weight loss at the baseline samples. A correlation between Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) abundance and excess weight was observed only for the highest body mass indexes. The low-calorie diet had little impact on composition and targeted metabolic activity. RYGB had a deeper impact on bacterial composition and putrefactive metabolism than SG, although the excess weight loss was comparable in the two groups. Significantly higher ammonium concentrations were detected in the feces of the RYGB group. We detected individual signatures of composition and functionality, rather than a gut microbiota characteristic of severe obesity, with opposing tendencies for almost all measured variables in the two surgical approaches. The gut microbiota of the baseline samples was not useful for predicting excess weight loss after the bariatric process.

Original language	English
Article number	e2106102
Number of pages	19
Journal	Gut Microbes
Volume	14
Issue number	1
Early online date	28 Jul 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2106102
Publication status	Published - 31 Dec 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III IC21/0012 (ICI21/00012), and co-funded by the NextGenerationEU and PRTR. NS was financed by a postdoctoral Juan de la Cierva contract (Ref. IJCI-2014-19885) from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain and is the recipient of a postdoctoral contract awarded by the Fundación para la Investigación y la Innovación Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (FINBA). MPA was supported by a Rio Hortega contract (CM19/00069) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF, “Investing in your future”). MF acknowledge the financial support by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Fundación Agencia Española contra el Cáncer (projects ERA NET TRANSCAN-2 AC17/00022) and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). We are indebted to all the patients who have participated in the study, and we would like to thank all the people who have contributed to this work, especially Marta Cobo and Yolanda Gutiérrez.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Keywords

bariatric surgery
gut microbiota
machine learning for loss of weight excess prediction
metabolomic
SCFAs

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Microbiology
Gastroenterology
Microbiology (medical)
Infectious Diseases

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

Salazar, N., Ponce-Alonso, M., Garriga, M., Sánchez-Carrillo, S., Hernández-Barranco, A. M., Redruello, B., Fernández, M., Botella-Carretero, J. I., Vega-Piñero, B., Galeano, J., Zamora, J., Ferrer, M., de Los Reyes-Gavilán, C. G., & Del Campo, R. (2022). Fecal Metabolome and Bacterial Composition in Severe Obesity: Impact of Diet and Bariatric Surgery. Gut Microbes, 14(1), Article e2106102 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2106102

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abstract = "The aim of this study was to monitor the impact of a preoperative low-calorie diet and bariatric surgery on the bacterial gut microbiota composition and functionality in severe obesity and to compare sleeve gastrectomy (SG) versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The study also aimed to incorporate big data analysis for the omics results and machine learning by a Lasso-based analysis to detect the potential markers for excess weight loss. Forty patients who underwent bariatric surgery were recruited (14 underwent SG, and 26 underwent RYGB). Each participant contributed 4 fecal samples (baseline, post-diet, 1 month after surgery and 3 months after surgery). The bacterial composition was determined by 16S rDNA massive sequencing using MiSeq (Illumina). Metabolic signatures associated to fecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, biogenic amines, gamma-aminobutyric acid and ammonium were determined by gas and liquid chromatography. Orange 3 software was employed to correlate the variables, and a Lasso analysis was employed to predict the weight loss at the baseline samples. A correlation between Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) abundance and excess weight was observed only for the highest body mass indexes. The low-calorie diet had little impact on composition and targeted metabolic activity. RYGB had a deeper impact on bacterial composition and putrefactive metabolism than SG, although the excess weight loss was comparable in the two groups. Significantly higher ammonium concentrations were detected in the feces of the RYGB group. We detected individual signatures of composition and functionality, rather than a gut microbiota characteristic of severe obesity, with opposing tendencies for almost all measured variables in the two surgical approaches. The gut microbiota of the baseline samples was not useful for predicting excess weight loss after the bariatric process.",

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note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, Instituto de Salud Carlos III IC21/0012 (ICI21/00012), and co-funded by the NextGenerationEU and PRTR. NS was financed by a postdoctoral Juan de la Cierva contract (Ref. IJCI-2014-19885) from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spain and is the recipient of a postdoctoral contract awarded by the Fundaci{\'o}n para la Investigaci{\'o}n y la Innovaci{\'o}n Biosanitaria del Principado de Asturias (FINBA). MPA was supported by a Rio Hortega contract (CM19/00069) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III and co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF, “Investing in your future”). MF acknowledge the financial support by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, and Fundaci{\'o}n Agencia Espa{\~n}ola contra el C{\'a}ncer (projects ERA NET TRANSCAN-2 AC17/00022) and co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). We are indebted to all the patients who have participated in the study, and we would like to thank all the people who have contributed to this work, especially Marta Cobo and Yolanda Guti{\'e}rrez. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.",

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Salazar, N, Ponce-Alonso, M, Garriga, M, Sánchez-Carrillo, S, Hernández-Barranco, AM, Redruello, B, Fernández, M, Botella-Carretero, JI, Vega-Piñero, B, Galeano, J, Zamora, J, Ferrer, M, de Los Reyes-Gavilán, CG & Del Campo, R 2022, 'Fecal Metabolome and Bacterial Composition in Severe Obesity: Impact of Diet and Bariatric Surgery', Gut Microbes, vol. 14, no. 1, e2106102 . https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2106102

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AU - Hernández-Barranco, Ana María

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AU - Botella-Carretero, José Ignacio

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N2 - The aim of this study was to monitor the impact of a preoperative low-calorie diet and bariatric surgery on the bacterial gut microbiota composition and functionality in severe obesity and to compare sleeve gastrectomy (SG) versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The study also aimed to incorporate big data analysis for the omics results and machine learning by a Lasso-based analysis to detect the potential markers for excess weight loss. Forty patients who underwent bariatric surgery were recruited (14 underwent SG, and 26 underwent RYGB). Each participant contributed 4 fecal samples (baseline, post-diet, 1 month after surgery and 3 months after surgery). The bacterial composition was determined by 16S rDNA massive sequencing using MiSeq (Illumina). Metabolic signatures associated to fecal concentrations of short-chain fatty acids, amino acids, biogenic amines, gamma-aminobutyric acid and ammonium were determined by gas and liquid chromatography. Orange 3 software was employed to correlate the variables, and a Lasso analysis was employed to predict the weight loss at the baseline samples. A correlation between Bacillota (formerly Firmicutes) abundance and excess weight was observed only for the highest body mass indexes. The low-calorie diet had little impact on composition and targeted metabolic activity. RYGB had a deeper impact on bacterial composition and putrefactive metabolism than SG, although the excess weight loss was comparable in the two groups. Significantly higher ammonium concentrations were detected in the feces of the RYGB group. We detected individual signatures of composition and functionality, rather than a gut microbiota characteristic of severe obesity, with opposing tendencies for almost all measured variables in the two surgical approaches. The gut microbiota of the baseline samples was not useful for predicting excess weight loss after the bariatric process.

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Fecal Metabolome and Bacterial Composition in Severe Obesity: Impact of Diet and Bariatric Surgery

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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