Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Ernesto Anarte-Lazo; Carlos Bernal-Utrera; Mario Lopez-Amor; Eugenia Porras-Valencia; Francisco Javier Ruy-Diaz-Rojas; Deborah Falla; Cleofas Rodriguez-Blanco

doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061679

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Ernesto Anarte-Lazo, Carlos Bernal-Utrera, Mario Lopez-Amor, Eugenia Porras-Valencia, Francisco Javier Ruy-Diaz-Rojas, Deborah Falla, Cleofas Rodriguez-Blanco

Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: A disturbance in exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) has been observed in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Yet, no studies have examined whether EIH occurs in people with acute/subacute WAD. This study will determine whether EIH occurs immediately after and 24 hours after aerobic exercise (AE) and neck-specific exercise (NSE) in people with acute/subacute WAD.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised controlled trial has been designed and is reported in line with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials. EIH will be assessed immediately after and 24 hours after AE, NSE and a control intervention (randomly allocated). As dependent variables of the study, we will measure pressure pain thresholds measured over the region of the spinous process of C2 and C5, the muscle belly of the tibialis anterior and over the three main peripheral nerve trunks, Neck Pain Intensity, Neck-Disability Index, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia-11, self-reported Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Scale.

ETHICS APPROVAL AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been granted by the Ethics Committee from University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain; reference number 0707202116721). The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals.

TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-9tqr2jt, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/observador/submissao/sumario/11551.

Original language	English
Article number	e061679
Pages (from-to)	e061679
Number of pages	6
Journal	BMJ open
Volume	12
Issue number	9
Early online date	22 Sept 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061679
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 22 Sept 2022

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Acute Disease
Chronic Disease
Exercise
Exercise Therapy/methods
Humans
Neck Pain/etiology
Pain Threshold/physiology
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Whiplash Injuries/complications

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Anarte-Lazo, E., Bernal-Utrera, C., Lopez-Amor, M., Porras-Valencia, E., Ruy-Diaz-Rojas, F. J., Falla, D., & Rodriguez-Blanco, C. (2022). Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ open, 12(9), e061679. Article e061679. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061679

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title = "Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial",

abstract = "INTRODUCTION: A disturbance in exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) has been observed in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Yet, no studies have examined whether EIH occurs in people with acute/subacute WAD. This study will determine whether EIH occurs immediately after and 24 hours after aerobic exercise (AE) and neck-specific exercise (NSE) in people with acute/subacute WAD.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised controlled trial has been designed and is reported in line with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials. EIH will be assessed immediately after and 24 hours after AE, NSE and a control intervention (randomly allocated). As dependent variables of the study, we will measure pressure pain thresholds measured over the region of the spinous process of C2 and C5, the muscle belly of the tibialis anterior and over the three main peripheral nerve trunks, Neck Pain Intensity, Neck-Disability Index, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia-11, self-reported Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Scale.ETHICS APPROVAL AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been granted by the Ethics Committee from University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain; reference number 0707202116721). The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-9tqr2jt, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/observador/submissao/sumario/11551.",

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author = "Ernesto Anarte-Lazo and Carlos Bernal-Utrera and Mario Lopez-Amor and Eugenia Porras-Valencia and Ruy-Diaz-Rojas, {Francisco Javier} and Deborah Falla and Cleofas Rodriguez-Blanco",

note = "{\textcopyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",

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Anarte-Lazo, E, Bernal-Utrera, C, Lopez-Amor, M, Porras-Valencia, E, Ruy-Diaz-Rojas, FJ, Falla, D & Rodriguez-Blanco, C 2022, 'Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial', BMJ open, vol. 12, no. 9, e061679, pp. e061679. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061679

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial. / Anarte-Lazo, Ernesto; Bernal-Utrera, Carlos; Lopez-Amor, Mario et al.
In: BMJ open, Vol. 12, No. 9, e061679, 22.09.2022, p. e061679.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders

T2 - protocol for a randomised controlled trial

AU - Anarte-Lazo, Ernesto

AU - Bernal-Utrera, Carlos

AU - Lopez-Amor, Mario

AU - Porras-Valencia, Eugenia

AU - Ruy-Diaz-Rojas, Francisco Javier

AU - Falla, Deborah

AU - Rodriguez-Blanco, Cleofas

N1 - © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

PY - 2022/9/22

Y1 - 2022/9/22

N2 - INTRODUCTION: A disturbance in exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) has been observed in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Yet, no studies have examined whether EIH occurs in people with acute/subacute WAD. This study will determine whether EIH occurs immediately after and 24 hours after aerobic exercise (AE) and neck-specific exercise (NSE) in people with acute/subacute WAD.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised controlled trial has been designed and is reported in line with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials. EIH will be assessed immediately after and 24 hours after AE, NSE and a control intervention (randomly allocated). As dependent variables of the study, we will measure pressure pain thresholds measured over the region of the spinous process of C2 and C5, the muscle belly of the tibialis anterior and over the three main peripheral nerve trunks, Neck Pain Intensity, Neck-Disability Index, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia-11, self-reported Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Scale.ETHICS APPROVAL AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been granted by the Ethics Committee from University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain; reference number 0707202116721). The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-9tqr2jt, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/observador/submissao/sumario/11551.

AB - INTRODUCTION: A disturbance in exercise-induced hypoalgesia (EIH) has been observed in patients with chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). Yet, no studies have examined whether EIH occurs in people with acute/subacute WAD. This study will determine whether EIH occurs immediately after and 24 hours after aerobic exercise (AE) and neck-specific exercise (NSE) in people with acute/subacute WAD.METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised controlled trial has been designed and is reported in line with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials. EIH will be assessed immediately after and 24 hours after AE, NSE and a control intervention (randomly allocated). As dependent variables of the study, we will measure pressure pain thresholds measured over the region of the spinous process of C2 and C5, the muscle belly of the tibialis anterior and over the three main peripheral nerve trunks, Neck Pain Intensity, Neck-Disability Index, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Tampa Scale Kinesiophobia-11, self-reported Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs Scale.ETHICS APPROVAL AND DISSEMINATION: Ethical approval has been granted by the Ethics Committee from University Rey Juan Carlos (Madrid, Spain; reference number 0707202116721). The results of this study will be disseminated through presentations at scientific conferences and publication in scientific journals.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-9tqr2jt, https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/observador/submissao/sumario/11551.

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KW - Chronic Disease

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KW - Exercise Therapy/methods

KW - Humans

KW - Neck Pain/etiology

KW - Pain Threshold/physiology

KW - Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

KW - Whiplash Injuries/complications

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Anarte-Lazo E, Bernal-Utrera C, Lopez-Amor M, Porras-Valencia E, Ruy-Diaz-Rojas FJ, Falla D et al. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ open. 2022 Sept 22;12(9):e061679. e061679. Epub 2022 Sept 22. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061679

Exercise-induced hypoalgesia after aerobic versus neck-specific exercise in people with acute/subacute whiplash-associated disorders: protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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