Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease

D. Visca; R. Centis; E. Pontali; E. Zampogna; A. M. Russell; G. B. Migliori; C. Andrejak; M. Aro; H. Bayram; K. Berkani; J. Bruchfeld; J. M. Chakaya; J. Chorostowska-Wynimko; B. Crestani; M. P. Dalcolmo; L. D’Ambrosio; A. T. Dinh-Xuan; S. Duong-Quy; C. Fernandes; J. M. García-García; A. de Melo Kawassaki; L. Carrozzi; M. A. Martinez-Garcia; P. Carreiro Martins; M. Mirsaeidi; Y. Mohammad; R. N. Naidoo; N. Neuparth; L. Sese; D. R. Silva; I. Solovic; T. M. Sooronbaev; A. Spanevello; N. Sverzellati; L. Tanno; S. Tiberi; T. Vasankari; E. Vasarmidi; M. Vitacca; I. Annesi-Maesano

doi:10.5588/ijtld.23.0248

Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease

D. Visca, R. Centis, E. Pontali, E. Zampogna, A. M. Russell, G. B. Migliori^*, C. Andrejak, M. Aro, H. Bayram, K. Berkani, J. Bruchfeld, J. M. Chakaya, J. Chorostowska-Wynimko, B. Crestani, M. P. Dalcolmo, L. D’Ambrosio, A. T. Dinh-Xuan, S. Duong-Quy, C. Fernandes, J. M. García-GarcíaA. de Melo Kawassaki, L. Carrozzi, M. A. Martinez-Garcia, P. Carreiro Martins, M. Mirsaeidi, Y. Mohammad, R. N. Naidoo, N. Neuparth, L. Sese, D. R. Silva, I. Solovic, T. M. Sooronbaev, A. Spanevello, N. Sverzellati, L. Tanno, S. Tiberi, T. Vasankari, E. Vasarmidi, M. Vitacca, I. Annesi-Maesano

^*Corresponding author for this work

Nursing and Midwifery

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: The aim of these clinical standards is to provide guidance on ‘best practice’ care for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease.

METHODS: A panel of international experts representing scientific societies, associations and groups active in post-COVID-19 lung disease was identified; 45 completed a Delphi process. A 5-point Likert scale indicated level of agreement with the draft standards. The final version was approved by consensus (with 100% agreement).

RESULTS: Four clinical standards were agreed for patients with a previous history of COVID-19: Standard 1, Patients with sequelae not explained by an alternative diagnosis should be evaluated for possible post-COVID-19 lung disease; Standard 2, Patients with lung function impairment, reduced exercise tolerance, reduced quality of life (QoL) or other relevant signs or ongoing symptoms ≥4 weeks after the onset of first symptoms should be evaluated for treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR); Standard 3, The PR programme should be based on feasibility, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness criteria, organised according to local health services and tailored to an individual patient’s needs; and Standard 4, Each patient undergoing and completing PR should be evaluated to determine its effectiveness and have access to a counselling/health education session.

CONCLUSION: This is the first consensus-based set of clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease. Our aim is to improve patient care and QoL by guiding clinicians, programme managers and public health officers in planning and implementing a PR programme to manage post-COVID-19 lung disease.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	729-741
Number of pages	13
Journal	International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Volume	27
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.23.0248
Publication status	Published - 1 Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This article is sponsored by the Oskar-Helene-Heim Foundation (OHH; Berlin, Germany) and the Gunther € Labes Foundation (Berlin, Germany) and available as an Open Access article (subject to CC-BY 4.0 licensing rules). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is part of the scientific activities of the GTN network and partially funded by Ricerca corrente, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy.

Publisher Copyright:
2023 The Union.

Keywords

long COVID
post-COVID conditions
pulmonary rehabilitation
quality of life
SARS-COV-2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

General Medicine

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.5588/ijtld.23.0248Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

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Cite this

Visca, D., Centis, R., Pontali, E., Zampogna, E., Russell, A. M., Migliori, G. B., Andrejak, C., Aro, M., Bayram, H., Berkani, K., Bruchfeld, J., Chakaya, J. M., Chorostowska-Wynimko, J., Crestani, B., Dalcolmo, M. P., D’Ambrosio, L., Dinh-Xuan, A. T., Duong-Quy, S., Fernandes, C., ... Annesi-Maesano, I. (2023). Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease. International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 27(10), 729-741. https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.23.0248

@article{c0f8f95b784146db9cbc1083507260da,

title = "Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: The aim of these clinical standards is to provide guidance on {\textquoteleft}best practice{\textquoteright} care for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease.METHODS: A panel of international experts representing scientific societies, associations and groups active in post-COVID-19 lung disease was identified; 45 completed a Delphi process. A 5-point Likert scale indicated level of agreement with the draft standards. The final version was approved by consensus (with 100% agreement).RESULTS: Four clinical standards were agreed for patients with a previous history of COVID-19: Standard 1, Patients with sequelae not explained by an alternative diagnosis should be evaluated for possible post-COVID-19 lung disease; Standard 2, Patients with lung function impairment, reduced exercise tolerance, reduced quality of life (QoL) or other relevant signs or ongoing symptoms ≥4 weeks after the onset of first symptoms should be evaluated for treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR); Standard 3, The PR programme should be based on feasibility, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness criteria, organised according to local health services and tailored to an individual patient{\textquoteright}s needs; and Standard 4, Each patient undergoing and completing PR should be evaluated to determine its effectiveness and have access to a counselling/health education session.CONCLUSION: This is the first consensus-based set of clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease. Our aim is to improve patient care and QoL by guiding clinicians, programme managers and public health officers in planning and implementing a PR programme to manage post-COVID-19 lung disease.",

keywords = "long COVID, post-COVID conditions, pulmonary rehabilitation, quality of life, SARS-COV-2",

author = "D. Visca and R. Centis and E. Pontali and E. Zampogna and Russell, {A. M.} and Migliori, {G. B.} and C. Andrejak and M. Aro and H. Bayram and K. Berkani and J. Bruchfeld and Chakaya, {J. M.} and J. Chorostowska-Wynimko and B. Crestani and Dalcolmo, {M. P.} and L. D{\textquoteright}Ambrosio and Dinh-Xuan, {A. T.} and S. Duong-Quy and C. Fernandes and Garc{\'i}a-Garc{\'i}a, {J. M.} and {de Melo Kawassaki}, A. and L. Carrozzi and Martinez-Garcia, {M. A.} and Martins, {P. Carreiro} and M. Mirsaeidi and Y. Mohammad and Naidoo, {R. N.} and N. Neuparth and L. Sese and Silva, {D. R.} and I. Solovic and Sooronbaev, {T. M.} and A. Spanevello and N. Sverzellati and L. Tanno and S. Tiberi and T. Vasankari and E. Vasarmidi and M. Vitacca and I. Annesi-Maesano",

note = "Funding Information: This article is sponsored by the Oskar-Helene-Heim Foundation (OHH; Berlin, Germany) and the Gunther € Labes Foundation (Berlin, Germany) and available as an Open Access article (subject to CC-BY 4.0 licensing rules). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is part of the scientific activities of the GTN network and partially funded by Ricerca corrente, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy. Publisher Copyright: 2023 The Union.",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

day = "1",

doi = "10.5588/ijtld.23.0248",

language = "English",

volume = "27",

pages = "729--741",

journal = "International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease",

issn = "1027-3719",

publisher = "International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease",

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Visca, D, Centis, R, Pontali, E, Zampogna, E, Russell, AM, Migliori, GB, Andrejak, C, Aro, M, Bayram, H, Berkani, K, Bruchfeld, J, Chakaya, JM, Chorostowska-Wynimko, J, Crestani, B, Dalcolmo, MP, D’Ambrosio, L, Dinh-Xuan, AT, Duong-Quy, S, Fernandes, C, García-García, JM, de Melo Kawassaki, A, Carrozzi, L, Martinez-Garcia, MA, Martins, PC, Mirsaeidi, M, Mohammad, Y, Naidoo, RN, Neuparth, N, Sese, L, Silva, DR, Solovic, I, Sooronbaev, TM, Spanevello, A, Sverzellati, N, Tanno, L, Tiberi, S, Vasankari, T, Vasarmidi, E, Vitacca, M & Annesi-Maesano, I 2023, 'Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease', International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, vol. 27, no. 10, pp. 729-741. https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.23.0248

TY - JOUR

T1 - Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease

AU - Visca, D.

AU - Centis, R.

AU - Pontali, E.

AU - Zampogna, E.

AU - Russell, A. M.

AU - Migliori, G. B.

AU - Andrejak, C.

AU - Aro, M.

AU - Bayram, H.

AU - Berkani, K.

AU - Bruchfeld, J.

AU - Chakaya, J. M.

AU - Chorostowska-Wynimko, J.

AU - Crestani, B.

AU - Dalcolmo, M. P.

AU - D’Ambrosio, L.

AU - Dinh-Xuan, A. T.

AU - Duong-Quy, S.

AU - Fernandes, C.

AU - García-García, J. M.

AU - de Melo Kawassaki, A.

AU - Carrozzi, L.

AU - Martinez-Garcia, M. A.

AU - Martins, P. Carreiro

AU - Mirsaeidi, M.

AU - Mohammad, Y.

AU - Naidoo, R. N.

AU - Neuparth, N.

AU - Sese, L.

AU - Silva, D. R.

AU - Solovic, I.

AU - Sooronbaev, T. M.

AU - Spanevello, A.

AU - Sverzellati, N.

AU - Tanno, L.

AU - Tiberi, S.

AU - Vasankari, T.

AU - Vasarmidi, E.

AU - Vitacca, M.

AU - Annesi-Maesano, I.

N1 - Funding Information: This article is sponsored by the Oskar-Helene-Heim Foundation (OHH; Berlin, Germany) and the Gunther € Labes Foundation (Berlin, Germany) and available as an Open Access article (subject to CC-BY 4.0 licensing rules). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. This article is part of the scientific activities of the GTN network and partially funded by Ricerca corrente, Ministero della Salute, Rome, Italy. Publisher Copyright: 2023 The Union.

PY - 2023/10/1

Y1 - 2023/10/1

N2 - BACKGROUND: The aim of these clinical standards is to provide guidance on ‘best practice’ care for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease.METHODS: A panel of international experts representing scientific societies, associations and groups active in post-COVID-19 lung disease was identified; 45 completed a Delphi process. A 5-point Likert scale indicated level of agreement with the draft standards. The final version was approved by consensus (with 100% agreement).RESULTS: Four clinical standards were agreed for patients with a previous history of COVID-19: Standard 1, Patients with sequelae not explained by an alternative diagnosis should be evaluated for possible post-COVID-19 lung disease; Standard 2, Patients with lung function impairment, reduced exercise tolerance, reduced quality of life (QoL) or other relevant signs or ongoing symptoms ≥4 weeks after the onset of first symptoms should be evaluated for treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR); Standard 3, The PR programme should be based on feasibility, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness criteria, organised according to local health services and tailored to an individual patient’s needs; and Standard 4, Each patient undergoing and completing PR should be evaluated to determine its effectiveness and have access to a counselling/health education session.CONCLUSION: This is the first consensus-based set of clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease. Our aim is to improve patient care and QoL by guiding clinicians, programme managers and public health officers in planning and implementing a PR programme to manage post-COVID-19 lung disease.

AB - BACKGROUND: The aim of these clinical standards is to provide guidance on ‘best practice’ care for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease.METHODS: A panel of international experts representing scientific societies, associations and groups active in post-COVID-19 lung disease was identified; 45 completed a Delphi process. A 5-point Likert scale indicated level of agreement with the draft standards. The final version was approved by consensus (with 100% agreement).RESULTS: Four clinical standards were agreed for patients with a previous history of COVID-19: Standard 1, Patients with sequelae not explained by an alternative diagnosis should be evaluated for possible post-COVID-19 lung disease; Standard 2, Patients with lung function impairment, reduced exercise tolerance, reduced quality of life (QoL) or other relevant signs or ongoing symptoms ≥4 weeks after the onset of first symptoms should be evaluated for treatment and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR); Standard 3, The PR programme should be based on feasibility, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness criteria, organised according to local health services and tailored to an individual patient’s needs; and Standard 4, Each patient undergoing and completing PR should be evaluated to determine its effectiveness and have access to a counselling/health education session.CONCLUSION: This is the first consensus-based set of clinical standards for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease. Our aim is to improve patient care and QoL by guiding clinicians, programme managers and public health officers in planning and implementing a PR programme to manage post-COVID-19 lung disease.

KW - long COVID

KW - post-COVID conditions

KW - pulmonary rehabilitation

KW - quality of life

KW - SARS-COV-2

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U2 - 10.5588/ijtld.23.0248

DO - 10.5588/ijtld.23.0248

M3 - Article

C2 - 37749839

AN - SCOPUS:85172242385

SN - 1027-3719

VL - 27

SP - 729

EP - 741

JO - International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

JF - International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

IS - 10

ER -

Clinical standards for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of post-COVID-19 lung disease

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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