Projects per year
Abstract
Children are frequently witnesses of crime. In the witness literature and legal systems, children are often deemed to have unreliable memories. Yet, in the basic developmental literature, young children can monitor their memory. To address these contradictory conclusions, we reanalysed the confidence-accuracy relationship in basic and applied research. Confidence provided considerable information about memory accuracy, from at least age 8, but possibly younger. We also conducted an experiment where children in young- (4–6 years), middle- (7–9 years), and late- (10–17 years) childhood (N=2,205) watched a person in a video, and then identified that person from a police lineup. Children provided a confidence rating (an explicit judgement), and used an interactive lineup—in which the lineup faces can be rotated—and we analyzed children’s viewing behavior (an implicit measure of metacognition). A strong confidence-accuracy relationship was observed from age 10, and an emerging relationship from age 7. A constant likelihood ratio signal-detection model can be used to understand these findings. Moreover, in all ages, interactive viewing behavior differed in children who made correct versus incorrect suspect identifications. Our research reconciles the apparent divide between applied and basic research findings and suggests that the fundamental architecture of metacognition that has previously been evidenced in basic list-learning paradigms also underlies performance on complex applied tasks. Contrary to what is believed by legal practitioners, but similar to what has been found in the basic literature, identifications made by children can be reliable when appropriate metacognitive measures are used to estimate accuracy.
Original language | English |
---|---|
Journal | Journal of Experimental Psychology: General |
Early online date | 9 Sept 2021 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | E-pub ahead of print - 9 Sept 2021 |
Keywords
- eyewitness identification
- development
- metacognition
- confidence and accuracy
- signal-detection
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Child witness expressions of certainty are informative'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Projects
- 1 Finished
-
Understanding and assessing the reliability of memory evidence from children
Colloff, M., Beck, S. & Flowe, H.
1/04/19 → 31/08/22
Project: Research