Autophagy maintains the homeostatic environment in the male reproductive accessory organs playing a key role in fertility

Autophagy has been implicated in male fertility but its specific role in the post-testicular organs remains unclear. Here, we investigate this in mice expressing a doxycycline-inducible RNAi against Atg5 (Atg5i). Systemic autophagy inhibition in Atg5i mice resulted in the morphological and functional abrogation of the male accessory sex organs, leading to male subfertility. However, the testis was largely protected, likely due to the limited permeability of doxycycline through the blood-testis barrier. Interestingly, restoration of autophagy by doxycycline withdrawal in Atg5i mice led to substantial recovery of the phenotype in the accessory organs. This model offers a unique opportunity to dissect the pre- and post-testicular roles of autophagy, highlighting the non-autonomous impact of autophagy on male fertility.