Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

William Trim; Dylan Thompson; James E. Turner

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-6439-6_101903-1

Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

William Trim, Dylan Thompson, James E. Turner

Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Chapter

Abstract

The impairment of normal adipose tissue function; characterized by changes to the structure and cellular composition of the tissue microenvironment, resulting in abnormal secretions derived predominantly, but not exclusively, from adipocytes (i.e., fat cells) and localized immune cells. These changes can be instigated by energy imbalance and are commonly observed with aging and obesity. The result is expansion of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral (intra-abdominal) adipose tissue, but for women especially, gluteofemoral (hip and legs) adipose stores. The broader consequences are local and systemic inflammation, impaired tissue-specific and whole-body insulin sensitivity, and poor metabolic control. Thus, adipose tissue dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of type-II diabetes, hypertension, cancer, cognitive dysfunction, and atherosclerosis.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine
Publisher	Springer Vieweg
Pages	1-5
Number of pages	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6439-6_101903-1
Publication status	Published - 2018

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10.1007/978-1-4614-6439-6_101903-1

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abstract = "The impairment of normal adipose tissue function; characterized by changes to the structure and cellular composition of the tissue microenvironment, resulting in abnormal secretions derived predominantly, but not exclusively, from adipocytes (i.e., fat cells) and localized immune cells. These changes can be instigated by energy imbalance and are commonly observed with aging and obesity. The result is expansion of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral (intra-abdominal) adipose tissue, but for women especially, gluteofemoral (hip and legs) adipose stores. The broader consequences are local and systemic inflammation, impaired tissue-specific and whole-body insulin sensitivity, and poor metabolic control. Thus, adipose tissue dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of type-II diabetes, hypertension, cancer, cognitive dysfunction, and atherosclerosis.",

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AB - The impairment of normal adipose tissue function; characterized by changes to the structure and cellular composition of the tissue microenvironment, resulting in abnormal secretions derived predominantly, but not exclusively, from adipocytes (i.e., fat cells) and localized immune cells. These changes can be instigated by energy imbalance and are commonly observed with aging and obesity. The result is expansion of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral (intra-abdominal) adipose tissue, but for women especially, gluteofemoral (hip and legs) adipose stores. The broader consequences are local and systemic inflammation, impaired tissue-specific and whole-body insulin sensitivity, and poor metabolic control. Thus, adipose tissue dysfunction is implicated in the pathogenesis of type-II diabetes, hypertension, cancer, cognitive dysfunction, and atherosclerosis.

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Adipose Tissue Dysfunction

Abstract

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