A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134

F. Rescigno; G. Hébrard; A. Vanderburg; A. W. Mann; A. Mortier; S. Morrell; L. A. Buchhave; K. A. Collins; C. R. Mann; C. Hellier; R. D. Haywood; R. West; M. Stalport; N. Heidari; D. Anderson; C. X. Huang; M. López-Morales; P. Cortés-Zuleta; H. M. Lewis; X. Dumusque; I. Boisse; P. Rowden; A. Collier Cameron; M. Deleuil; M. Vezie; F. A. Pepe; X. Delfosse; D. Charbonneau; K. Rice; O. Demangeon; S. N. Quinn; S. Udry; T. Forveille; J. N. Winn; A. Sozzetti; S. Hoyer; S. Seager; T. G. Wilson; S. Dalal; E. Martioli; S. Striegel; W. Boschin; D. Dragomir; A. F. Martínez Fiorenzano; R. Cosentino; A. Ghedina; L. Malavolta; L. Affer; B. S. Lakeland; B. A. Nicholson; S. Foschino; A. Wünsche; K. Barkaoui; G. Srdoc; J. Randolph; B. Guillet; D. M. Conti; M. Ghachoui; M. Gillon; Z. Benkhaldoun; F. J. Pozuelos; M. Timmermans; E. Girardin; S. Matutano; P. Bosch-Cabot; J. A. Muñoz; R. Forés-Toribio

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad3255

A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134

F. Rescigno, G. Hébrard, A. Vanderburg, A. W. Mann, A. Mortier, S. Morrell, L. A. Buchhave, K. A. Collins, C. R. Mann, C. Hellier, R. D. Haywood, R. West, M. Stalport, N. Heidari, D. Anderson, C. X. Huang, M. López-Morales, P. Cortés-Zuleta, H. M. Lewis, X. DumusqueI. Boisse, P. Rowden, A. Collier Cameron, M. Deleuil, M. Vezie, F. A. Pepe, X. Delfosse, D. Charbonneau, K. Rice, O. Demangeon, S. N. Quinn, S. Udry, T. Forveille, J. N. Winn, A. Sozzetti, S. Hoyer, S. Seager, T. G. Wilson, S. Dalal, E. Martioli, S. Striegel, W. Boschin, D. Dragomir, A. F. Martínez Fiorenzano, R. Cosentino, A. Ghedina, L. Malavolta, L. Affer, B. S. Lakeland, B. A. Nicholson, S. Foschino, A. Wünsche, K. Barkaoui, G. Srdoc, J. Randolph, B. Guillet, D. M. Conti, M. Ghachoui, M. Gillon, Z. Benkhaldoun, F. J. Pozuelos, M. Timmermans, E. Girardin, S. Matutano, P. Bosch-Cabot, J. A. Muñoz, R. Forés-Toribio

Physics and Astronomy

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Abstract

We present the characterisation of an inner mini-Neptune in a 9.2292005$\pm$0.0000063 day orbit and an outer mono-transiting sub-Saturn planet in a 95.50$^{+0.36}_{-0.25}$ day orbit around the moderately active, bright (mv=8.9 mag) K5V star TOI-2134. Based on our analysis of five sectors of TESS data, we determine the radii of TOI-2134b and c to be 2.69$\pm$0.16 R$_{e}$ for the inner planet and 7.27$\pm$0.42 R$_{e}$ for the outer one. We acquired 111 radial-velocity spectra with HARPS-N and 108 radial-velocity spectra with SOPHIE. After careful periodogram analysis, we derive masses for both planets via Gaussian Process regression: 9.13$^{+0.78}_{-0.76}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134b and 41.86$^{+7.69}_{-7.83}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134c. We analysed the photometric and radial-velocity data first separately, then jointly. The inner planet is a mini-Neptune with density consistent with either a water-world or a rocky core planet with a low-mass H/He envelope. The outer planet has a bulk density similar to Saturn's. The outer planet is derived to have a significant eccentricity of 0.67$^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ from a combination of photometry and RVs. We compute the irradiation of TOI-2134c as 1.45$\pm$0.10 times the bolometric flux received by Earth, positioning it for part of its orbit in the habitable sone of its system. We recommend further RV observations to fully constrain the orbit of TOI-2134c. With an expected Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude of 7.2$\pm$1.3 m/s, we recommend TOI-2134c for follow-up RM analysis to study the spin-orbit architecture of the system. We calculate the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric, and both planets are suitable for bright-mode NIRCam atmospheric characterisation.

Original language	English
Article number	stad3255
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Early online date	25 Oct 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3255
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 25 Oct 2023

Bibliographical note

24 pages, 7 tables, 14 figures

Keywords

astro-ph.EP
astro-ph.SR

Access to Document

10.1093/mnras/stad3255Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

RescignoF2023Hot_AAMonlineAccepted author manuscript, 10.1 MBLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

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Rescigno, F., Hébrard, G., Vanderburg, A., Mann, A. W., Mortier, A., Morrell, S., Buchhave, L. A., Collins, K. A., Mann, C. R., Hellier, C., Haywood, R. D., West, R., Stalport, M., Heidari, N., Anderson, D., Huang, C. X., López-Morales, M., Cortés-Zuleta, P., Lewis, H. M., ... Forés-Toribio, R. (2023). A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Article stad3255. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3255

@article{43437ab84bd640dca9720d59ad5c831b,

title = "A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134",

abstract = " We present the characterisation of an inner mini-Neptune in a 9.2292005$\pm$0.0000063 day orbit and an outer mono-transiting sub-Saturn planet in a 95.50$^{+0.36}_{-0.25}$ day orbit around the moderately active, bright (mv=8.9 mag) K5V star TOI-2134. Based on our analysis of five sectors of TESS data, we determine the radii of TOI-2134b and c to be 2.69$\pm$0.16 R$_{e}$ for the inner planet and 7.27$\pm$0.42 R$_{e}$ for the outer one. We acquired 111 radial-velocity spectra with HARPS-N and 108 radial-velocity spectra with SOPHIE. After careful periodogram analysis, we derive masses for both planets via Gaussian Process regression: 9.13$^{+0.78}_{-0.76}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134b and 41.86$^{+7.69}_{-7.83}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134c. We analysed the photometric and radial-velocity data first separately, then jointly. The inner planet is a mini-Neptune with density consistent with either a water-world or a rocky core planet with a low-mass H/He envelope. The outer planet has a bulk density similar to Saturn's. The outer planet is derived to have a significant eccentricity of 0.67$^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ from a combination of photometry and RVs. We compute the irradiation of TOI-2134c as 1.45$\pm$0.10 times the bolometric flux received by Earth, positioning it for part of its orbit in the habitable sone of its system. We recommend further RV observations to fully constrain the orbit of TOI-2134c. With an expected Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude of 7.2$\pm$1.3 m/s, we recommend TOI-2134c for follow-up RM analysis to study the spin-orbit architecture of the system. We calculate the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric, and both planets are suitable for bright-mode NIRCam atmospheric characterisation. ",

keywords = "astro-ph.EP, astro-ph.SR",

author = "F. Rescigno and G. H{\'e}brard and A. Vanderburg and Mann, {A. W.} and A. Mortier and S. Morrell and Buchhave, {L. A.} and Collins, {K. A.} and Mann, {C. R.} and C. Hellier and Haywood, {R. D.} and R. West and M. Stalport and N. Heidari and D. Anderson and Huang, {C. X.} and M. L{\'o}pez-Morales and P. Cort{\'e}s-Zuleta and Lewis, {H. M.} and X. Dumusque and I. Boisse and P. Rowden and Cameron, {A. Collier} and M. Deleuil and M. Vezie and Pepe, {F. A.} and X. Delfosse and D. Charbonneau and K. Rice and O. Demangeon and Quinn, {S. N.} and S. Udry and T. Forveille and Winn, {J. N.} and A. Sozzetti and S. Hoyer and S. Seager and Wilson, {T. G.} and S. Dalal and E. Martioli and S. Striegel and W. Boschin and D. Dragomir and Fiorenzano, {A. F. Mart{\'i}nez} and R. Cosentino and A. Ghedina and L. Malavolta and L. Affer and Lakeland, {B. S.} and Nicholson, {B. A.} and S. Foschino and A. W{\"u}nsche and K. Barkaoui and G. Srdoc and J. Randolph and B. Guillet and Conti, {D. M.} and M. Ghachoui and M. Gillon and Z. Benkhaldoun and Pozuelos, {F. J.} and M. Timmermans and E. Girardin and S. Matutano and P. Bosch-Cabot and Mu{\~n}oz, {J. A.} and R. For{\'e}s-Toribio",

note = "24 pages, 7 tables, 14 figures",

year = "2023",

month = oct,

day = "25",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stad3255",

language = "English",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "SIPRI/Oxford University Press",

}

Rescigno, F, Hébrard, G, Vanderburg, A, Mann, AW, Mortier, A, Morrell, S, Buchhave, LA, Collins, KA, Mann, CR, Hellier, C, Haywood, RD, West, R, Stalport, M, Heidari, N, Anderson, D, Huang, CX, López-Morales, M, Cortés-Zuleta, P, Lewis, HM, Dumusque, X, Boisse, I, Rowden, P, Cameron, AC, Deleuil, M, Vezie, M, Pepe, FA, Delfosse, X, Charbonneau, D, Rice, K, Demangeon, O, Quinn, SN, Udry, S, Forveille, T, Winn, JN, Sozzetti, A, Hoyer, S, Seager, S, Wilson, TG, Dalal, S, Martioli, E, Striegel, S, Boschin, W, Dragomir, D, Fiorenzano, AFM, Cosentino, R, Ghedina, A, Malavolta, L, Affer, L, Lakeland, BS, Nicholson, BA, Foschino, S, Wünsche, A, Barkaoui, K, Srdoc, G, Randolph, J, Guillet, B, Conti, DM, Ghachoui, M, Gillon, M, Benkhaldoun, Z, Pozuelos, FJ, Timmermans, M, Girardin, E, Matutano, S, Bosch-Cabot, P, Muñoz, JA & Forés-Toribio, R 2023, 'A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3255

TY - JOUR

T1 - A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134

AU - Rescigno, F.

AU - Hébrard, G.

AU - Vanderburg, A.

AU - Mann, A. W.

AU - Mortier, A.

AU - Morrell, S.

AU - Buchhave, L. A.

AU - Collins, K. A.

AU - Mann, C. R.

AU - Hellier, C.

AU - Haywood, R. D.

AU - West, R.

AU - Stalport, M.

AU - Heidari, N.

AU - Anderson, D.

AU - Huang, C. X.

AU - López-Morales, M.

AU - Cortés-Zuleta, P.

AU - Lewis, H. M.

AU - Dumusque, X.

AU - Boisse, I.

AU - Rowden, P.

AU - Cameron, A. Collier

AU - Deleuil, M.

AU - Vezie, M.

AU - Pepe, F. A.

AU - Delfosse, X.

AU - Charbonneau, D.

AU - Rice, K.

AU - Demangeon, O.

AU - Quinn, S. N.

AU - Udry, S.

AU - Forveille, T.

AU - Winn, J. N.

AU - Sozzetti, A.

AU - Hoyer, S.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Wilson, T. G.

AU - Dalal, S.

AU - Martioli, E.

AU - Striegel, S.

AU - Boschin, W.

AU - Dragomir, D.

AU - Fiorenzano, A. F. Martínez

AU - Cosentino, R.

AU - Ghedina, A.

AU - Malavolta, L.

AU - Affer, L.

AU - Lakeland, B. S.

AU - Nicholson, B. A.

AU - Foschino, S.

AU - Wünsche, A.

AU - Barkaoui, K.

AU - Srdoc, G.

AU - Randolph, J.

AU - Guillet, B.

AU - Conti, D. M.

AU - Ghachoui, M.

AU - Gillon, M.

AU - Benkhaldoun, Z.

AU - Pozuelos, F. J.

AU - Timmermans, M.

AU - Girardin, E.

AU - Matutano, S.

AU - Bosch-Cabot, P.

AU - Muñoz, J. A.

AU - Forés-Toribio, R.

N1 - 24 pages, 7 tables, 14 figures

PY - 2023/10/25

Y1 - 2023/10/25

N2 - We present the characterisation of an inner mini-Neptune in a 9.2292005$\pm$0.0000063 day orbit and an outer mono-transiting sub-Saturn planet in a 95.50$^{+0.36}_{-0.25}$ day orbit around the moderately active, bright (mv=8.9 mag) K5V star TOI-2134. Based on our analysis of five sectors of TESS data, we determine the radii of TOI-2134b and c to be 2.69$\pm$0.16 R$_{e}$ for the inner planet and 7.27$\pm$0.42 R$_{e}$ for the outer one. We acquired 111 radial-velocity spectra with HARPS-N and 108 radial-velocity spectra with SOPHIE. After careful periodogram analysis, we derive masses for both planets via Gaussian Process regression: 9.13$^{+0.78}_{-0.76}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134b and 41.86$^{+7.69}_{-7.83}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134c. We analysed the photometric and radial-velocity data first separately, then jointly. The inner planet is a mini-Neptune with density consistent with either a water-world or a rocky core planet with a low-mass H/He envelope. The outer planet has a bulk density similar to Saturn's. The outer planet is derived to have a significant eccentricity of 0.67$^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ from a combination of photometry and RVs. We compute the irradiation of TOI-2134c as 1.45$\pm$0.10 times the bolometric flux received by Earth, positioning it for part of its orbit in the habitable sone of its system. We recommend further RV observations to fully constrain the orbit of TOI-2134c. With an expected Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude of 7.2$\pm$1.3 m/s, we recommend TOI-2134c for follow-up RM analysis to study the spin-orbit architecture of the system. We calculate the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric, and both planets are suitable for bright-mode NIRCam atmospheric characterisation.

AB - We present the characterisation of an inner mini-Neptune in a 9.2292005$\pm$0.0000063 day orbit and an outer mono-transiting sub-Saturn planet in a 95.50$^{+0.36}_{-0.25}$ day orbit around the moderately active, bright (mv=8.9 mag) K5V star TOI-2134. Based on our analysis of five sectors of TESS data, we determine the radii of TOI-2134b and c to be 2.69$\pm$0.16 R$_{e}$ for the inner planet and 7.27$\pm$0.42 R$_{e}$ for the outer one. We acquired 111 radial-velocity spectra with HARPS-N and 108 radial-velocity spectra with SOPHIE. After careful periodogram analysis, we derive masses for both planets via Gaussian Process regression: 9.13$^{+0.78}_{-0.76}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134b and 41.86$^{+7.69}_{-7.83}$ M$_{e}$ for TOI-2134c. We analysed the photometric and radial-velocity data first separately, then jointly. The inner planet is a mini-Neptune with density consistent with either a water-world or a rocky core planet with a low-mass H/He envelope. The outer planet has a bulk density similar to Saturn's. The outer planet is derived to have a significant eccentricity of 0.67$^{+0.05}_{-0.06}$ from a combination of photometry and RVs. We compute the irradiation of TOI-2134c as 1.45$\pm$0.10 times the bolometric flux received by Earth, positioning it for part of its orbit in the habitable sone of its system. We recommend further RV observations to fully constrain the orbit of TOI-2134c. With an expected Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect amplitude of 7.2$\pm$1.3 m/s, we recommend TOI-2134c for follow-up RM analysis to study the spin-orbit architecture of the system. We calculate the Transmission Spectroscopy Metric, and both planets are suitable for bright-mode NIRCam atmospheric characterisation.

KW - astro-ph.EP

KW - astro-ph.SR

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad3255

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad3255

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

M1 - stad3255

ER -

A hot mini-Neptune and a temperate, highly eccentric sub-Saturn around the bright K-dwarf TOI-2134

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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