2021 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: Developed by the Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). With the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC

Authors/Task Force Members, ESC Scientific Document Group

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)4-131
Number of pages128
JournalEuropean Journal of Heart Failure
Volume24
Issue number1
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 27 Jan 2022
Externally publishedYes

Bibliographical note

© 2022 European Society of Cardiology This article has been co-published with permission in European Heart Journal (published by Oxford University Press on behalf of European Society of Cardiology) and European Journal of Heart Failure (published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Society of Cardiology).

Keywords

  • Guidelines
  • heart failure
  • natriuretic peptides
  • ejection fraction
  • diagnosis
  • pharmacotherapy
  • neuro-hormonal antagonists
  • cardiac resynchronization therapy
  • mechanical circulatory support
  • transplantation
  • arrhythmias
  • comorbidities
  • hospitalization
  • multidisciplinary management
  • advanced heart failure
  • acute heart failure

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