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Abstract
Background
Challenges of recruitment to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and successful strategies to overcome them should be clearly reported to improve recruitment into future trials. REtirement in ACTion (REACT) is a United Kingdom-based multicenter RCT recruiting older adults at high risk of mobility disability to a 12-month group-based exercise and behavior maintenance program or to a minimal Healthy Aging control intervention.
Methods
The recruitment target was 768 adults, aged 65 years and older scoring 4–9 on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Recruitment methods include the following: (a) invitations mailed by general practitioners (GPs); (b) invitations distributed via third-sector organizations; and (c) public relations (PR) campaign. Yields, efficiency, and costs were calculated.
Results
The study recruited 777 (33.9% men) community-dwelling, older adults (mean age 77.55 years (SD 6.79), mean SPPB score 7.37 (SD 1.56)), 95.11% white (n = 739) and broadly representative of UK quintiles of deprivation. Over a 20-month recruitment period, 25,559 invitations were issued. Eighty-eight percent of the participants were recruited via GP invitations, 5.4% via the PR campaign, 3% via word-of-mouth, and 2.5% via third-sector organizations. Mean recruitment cost per participant was £78.47, with an extra £26.54 per recruit paid to GPs to cover research costs.
Conclusions
REACT successfully recruited to target. Response rates were lower than initially predicted and recruitment timescales required adjustment. Written invitations from GPs were the most efficient method for recruiting older adults at risk of mobility disability. Targeted efforts could achieve more ethnically diverse cohorts. All trials should be required to provide recruitment data to enable evidence-based planning of future trials.
Challenges of recruitment to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and successful strategies to overcome them should be clearly reported to improve recruitment into future trials. REtirement in ACTion (REACT) is a United Kingdom-based multicenter RCT recruiting older adults at high risk of mobility disability to a 12-month group-based exercise and behavior maintenance program or to a minimal Healthy Aging control intervention.
Methods
The recruitment target was 768 adults, aged 65 years and older scoring 4–9 on the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Recruitment methods include the following: (a) invitations mailed by general practitioners (GPs); (b) invitations distributed via third-sector organizations; and (c) public relations (PR) campaign. Yields, efficiency, and costs were calculated.
Results
The study recruited 777 (33.9% men) community-dwelling, older adults (mean age 77.55 years (SD 6.79), mean SPPB score 7.37 (SD 1.56)), 95.11% white (n = 739) and broadly representative of UK quintiles of deprivation. Over a 20-month recruitment period, 25,559 invitations were issued. Eighty-eight percent of the participants were recruited via GP invitations, 5.4% via the PR campaign, 3% via word-of-mouth, and 2.5% via third-sector organizations. Mean recruitment cost per participant was £78.47, with an extra £26.54 per recruit paid to GPs to cover research costs.
Conclusions
REACT successfully recruited to target. Response rates were lower than initially predicted and recruitment timescales required adjustment. Written invitations from GPs were the most efficient method for recruiting older adults at risk of mobility disability. Targeted efforts could achieve more ethnically diverse cohorts. All trials should be required to provide recruitment data to enable evidence-based planning of future trials.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2387-2395 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences |
| Volume | 75 |
| Issue number | 12 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 9 Mar 2020 |
Keywords
- Physical activity
- Physical function
- Randomized control trial
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Cost-effectiveness of a physical activity and behaviour maintenance programme on functional mobility decline in older adults: an economic evaluation of the REACT (Retirement in Action) trial
Snowsill, T., Stathi, A., Green, C., Withall, J., Greaves, C., Thompson, J., Taylor, G., Gray, S., Johansen-Berg, H., Bilzon, J., De Koning, J., Boles, J., Moorlock, S., Western, M. J., Guralnik, J. M., Rejeski, W. J., Fox, K. R. & Medina-Lara, A., Apr 2022, In: The Lancet Public Health. 7, 4, p. e327-e334Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open AccessFile53 Downloads (Pure) -
Effect of a physical activity and behaviour maintenance programme on functional mobility decline in older adults: the REACT (REtirement in ACTion) randomised controlled trial
Stathi, A., Greaves, C., Thompson, J., Withall, J., Ladlow, P., Taylor, G., Medina-Lara, A., Snowsill, T., Gray, S., Green, C., Johansen-Berg, H., Sexton, C., Bilzon, J., De Koning, J., Bollen, J., Moorlock, S., Western, M. J., Demnitz, N., Seager, P., Guralnik, J. M., & 3 others, 21 Mar 2022, (E-pub ahead of print) In: The Lancet. Public health.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Open AccessFile165 Downloads (Pure)