TY - JOUR
T1 - The Role of DRD4 in Children wit ADHD and Comorbid Disturbance
AU - Holmes, J
AU - Payton, A
AU - Barrett, J
AU - Harrington, R
AU - McGuffin, P
AU - Owen, M
AU - Ollier, W
AU - Kent, Lindsey
PY - 2002/1/1
Y1 - 2002/1/1
N2 - Recent family and twin study findings suggest that ADHD when comorbid with conduct problems may represent a particularly familial and heritable form of ADHD. Although several independent groups have shown association between the DRD4 7 repeat allele and ADHD, others have failed to replicate this finding. Previous TDT analyses of UK and Eire samples had also been negative. We set out to further examine the role of DRD4 but selecting a subgroup of children with ADHD and comorbid conduct problems. Families were recruited from Manchester, Ireland, Birmingham and London clinics. From these, 67 children who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for ADHD and who displayed conduct disorder symptoms were selected. TDT analysis, which had previously yielded negative results for the total sample, showed evidence of association between DRD4 and "ADHD with conduct problems" (7 repeat allele-24 transmissions, 13 non-transmissions; one-tailed P = 0.05). These results provide further support for the role of DRD4 in ADHD. Furthermore, these results when considered together with family and twin study findings, suggest that those children with ADHD and comorbid conduct problems may be particularly informative for molecular genetic studies of ADHD. Further work is needed to examine these phenotype issues. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
AB - Recent family and twin study findings suggest that ADHD when comorbid with conduct problems may represent a particularly familial and heritable form of ADHD. Although several independent groups have shown association between the DRD4 7 repeat allele and ADHD, others have failed to replicate this finding. Previous TDT analyses of UK and Eire samples had also been negative. We set out to further examine the role of DRD4 but selecting a subgroup of children with ADHD and comorbid conduct problems. Families were recruited from Manchester, Ireland, Birmingham and London clinics. From these, 67 children who fulfilled diagnostic criteria for ADHD and who displayed conduct disorder symptoms were selected. TDT analysis, which had previously yielded negative results for the total sample, showed evidence of association between DRD4 and "ADHD with conduct problems" (7 repeat allele-24 transmissions, 13 non-transmissions; one-tailed P = 0.05). These results provide further support for the role of DRD4 in ADHD. Furthermore, these results when considered together with family and twin study findings, suggest that those children with ADHD and comorbid conduct problems may be particularly informative for molecular genetic studies of ADHD. Further work is needed to examine these phenotype issues. (C) 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
KW - genetics
KW - dopamine
KW - DRD4
KW - conduct disorder
KW - attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=18244371722&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ajmg.10149
DO - 10.1002/ajmg.10149
M3 - Article
C2 - 11857575
VL - 114
SP - 150
EP - 153
JO - American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
JF - American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics
ER -