The guardians of the periodontium - sequential and differential expression of antimicrobial peptides during gingival inflammation. Results from in vivo and in vitro studies

Henrik Dommisch, Phillip Skora, Josefine Hirschfeld, Gabriela Olk, Laura Hildebrandt, Søren Jepsen

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate the sequential and differential expression of a variety of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) during the development of an experimentally induced gingivitis in humans. Material and methods: In twenty healthy volunteers, gingival inflammation was induced by abstention from oral hygiene at 6 teeth. Bleeding on probing (BOP) and plaque index (PI) were assessed, and gingival biopsies and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected at 8 different time points (t0-t35). Gingival epithelial cells (GECs) were stimulated with various receptor agonists. In biopsies and GECs, mRNA expression of human beta-defensins (hBD-2, hBD-3), CC-chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20), S100A7/psoriasin (S100A7), and calgranulin A/B (S100A8, S100A9) was evaluated using real-time PCR, and protein profiles were measured by ELISA. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests. Results: The clinical parameters BOP, PI and GCF increased over time (p < 0.0001). Tissue AMP mRNA expression was elevated, but at different and AMP-specific time points (p < 0.05). Protein analysis revealed a similar expression pattern for hBD-2 and CCL20 in GCF (p < 0.05). In GECs, multiple receptor stimulation was required to induce AMP gene expression (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: For the first time, this study showed the sequential and differential expression of AMPs during a developing inflammation in vivo providing further evidence for their role as guardians of a healthy periodontium.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)276-285
Number of pages10
JournalJournal of Clinical Periodontology
Volume46
Issue number3
Early online date13 Feb 2019
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2019

Bibliographical note

© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial peptides
  • calgranulin A
  • calgranulin B
  • human beta-defensin-2
  • psoriasin

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Periodontics

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