Abstract
This paper presents an investigation of proton and charge transfer reactions to 2-, 3- and 4-nitroanilines (C 6H 6N 2O 2) involving the reagent ions H 3O +·(H 2O) n (n = 0, 1 and 2) and O 2 +, respectively, as a function of reduced electric field (60–240 Td), using Selective Reagent Ion–Time-of-Flight–Mass Spectrometry (SRI–ToF–MS). To aid in the interpretation of the H 3O +·(H 2O) n experimental data, the proton affinities and gas-phase basicities for the three nitroaniline isomers have been determined using density functional theory. These calculations show that proton transfer from both the H 3O + and H 3O +·H 2O reagent ions to the nitroanilines will be exoergic and hence efficient, with the reactions proceeding at the collisional rate. For proton transfer from H 3O + to the NO 2 sites, the exoergicities are 171 kJ mol −1 (1.8 eV), 147 kJ mol −1 (1.5 eV) and 194 kJ mol −1 (2.0 eV) for 2-, 3- and 4-nitroanilines, respectively. Electron transfer from all three of the nitroanilines is also significantly exothermic by approximately 4 eV. Although a substantial transfer of energy occurs during the ion/molecule reactions, the processes are found to predominantly proceed via non-dissociative pathways over a large reduced electric field range. Only at relatively high reduced electric fields (> 180 Td) is dissociative proton and charge transfer observed. Differences in fragment product ions and their intensities provide a means to distinguish the isomers, with proton transfer distinguishing 2-nitroaniline (2–NA) from 3- and 4-NA, and charge transfer distinguishing 4-NA from 2- and 3-NA, thereby providing a means to enhance selectivity using SRI–ToF–MS. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2259-2266 |
Number of pages | 8 |
Journal | Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry |
Volume | 30 |
Issue number | 11 |
Early online date | 9 Sept 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Nov 2019 |
Keywords
- Soft chemical i-mass spectrometry
- Proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry
- Nitroanilines
- Explosives
- Charge transfer