Relation of the HAS-BLED Bleeding Risk Score to Major Bleeding, Cardiovascular Events, and Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Atrial Fibrillation.

P Gallego, V Roldán, JM Torregrosa, J Gálvez, M Valdés, V Vicente, F Marín, Gregory Lip

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91 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background- Stroke risk in atrial fibrillation (AF) using oral vitamin K antagonists is closely related to bleeding risk. The HAS-BLED (hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile INR [international normalized ratio], elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly) bleeding score has demonstrated usefulness in assessing major bleeding risk in patients with AF. However, risk factors for warfarin-associated bleeding also predict stroke risk in patients with AF. We tested the usefulness of the HAS-BLED score for predicting both major bleeding and cardiovascular events in a cohort of anticoagulated patients with AF. Methods and Results- We recruited 965 consecutive anticoagulated outpatients with permanent or paroxysmal AF who were stabilized for at least 6 months on oral anticoagulation (international normalized ratio, 2.0-3.0). Medical history and HAS-BLED score were assessed. Cox regression models were used to determine the association between clinical risk factors and bleeding episodes, adverse cardiovascular events, and mortality. The median HAS-BLED score was 2 (range, 0-6; 29% with a score ≥3 [ie, high risk]). Median follow-up was 861 days (range, 718-1016 days). Independent predictors for major bleeding were age ≥75 years (hazard ratio [HR], 1.74; 95% CI, 1.05-2.87; P=0.030), male sex (HR, 1.70; 95% CI, 1.03-2.80; P=0.036), renal impairment (HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.20-3.73; P=0.010), previous bleeding episode (HR, 6.00; 95% CI, 3.73-9.67; P75 years (HR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.40-3.46; P=0.001), heart failure (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86; P=0.001), and previous stroke (HR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.86; P3. The HAS-BLED score also predicted all-cause mortality (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.40-2.01; P
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)312-8
Number of pages7
JournalCirculation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology
Volume5
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Apr 2012

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