OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

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OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon. / Pio, C; Cerqueira, M; Harrison, Roy; Nunes, T; Mirante, F; Alves, C; Oliveira, C; Sanchez de la Campa, A; Artinano, B; Matos, M.

In: Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 45, No. 34, 01.11.2011, p. 6121-6132.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

Harvard

Pio, C, Cerqueira, M, Harrison, R, Nunes, T, Mirante, F, Alves, C, Oliveira, C, Sanchez de la Campa, A, Artinano, B & Matos, M 2011, 'OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon', Atmospheric Environment, vol. 45, no. 34, pp. 6121-6132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045

APA

Pio, C., Cerqueira, M., Harrison, R., Nunes, T., Mirante, F., Alves, C., Oliveira, C., Sanchez de la Campa, A., Artinano, B., & Matos, M. (2011). OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon. Atmospheric Environment, 45(34), 6121-6132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045

Vancouver

Pio C, Cerqueira M, Harrison R, Nunes T, Mirante F, Alves C et al. OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon. Atmospheric Environment. 2011 Nov 1;45(34):6121-6132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045

Author

Pio, C ; Cerqueira, M ; Harrison, Roy ; Nunes, T ; Mirante, F ; Alves, C ; Oliveira, C ; Sanchez de la Campa, A ; Artinano, B ; Matos, M. / OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon. In: Atmospheric Environment. 2011 ; Vol. 45, No. 34. pp. 6121-6132.

Bibtex

@article{1d59ca08e4754282b893d156cbb5fd02,
title = "OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon",
abstract = "This study explores a large set of OC and EC measurements in PM10 and PM2.5 aerosol samples, undertaken with a long term constant analytical methodology, to evaluate the capability of the OC/EC minimum ratio to represent the ratio between the OC and EC aerosol components resulting from fossil fuel combustion (OCff/ECff). The data set covers a wide geographical area in Europe, but with a particular focus upon Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom, and includes a great variety of sites: urban (background, kerbside and tunnel), industrial, rural and remote. The highest minimum ratios were found in samples from remote and rural sites. Urban background sites have shown spatially and temporally consistent minimum ratios, of around 1.0 for PM10 and 0.7 for PM2.5.The consistency of results has suggested that the method could be used as a tool to derive the ratio between OC and EC from fossil fuel combustion and consequently to differentiate OC from primary and secondary sources. To explore this capability, OC and EC measurements were performed in a busy roadway tunnel in central Lisbon. The OC/EC ratio, which reflected the composition of vehicle combustion emissions, was in the range of 03-0.4. Ratios of OC/EC in roadside increment air (roadside minus urban background) in Birmingham, UK also lie within the range 03-0.4. Additional measurements were performed under heavy traffic conditions at two double kerbside sites located in the centre of Lisbon and Madrid. The OC/EC minimum ratios observed at both sites were found to be between those of the tunnel and those of urban background air, suggesting that minimum values commonly obtained for this parameter in open urban atmospheres over-predict the direct emissions of OCff from road transport. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are explored. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.",
keywords = "OC/EC ratio, Organic carbon, Secondary organic carbon, Elemental carbon, Size distribution",
author = "C Pio and M Cerqueira and Roy Harrison and T Nunes and F Mirante and C Alves and C Oliveira and {Sanchez de la Campa}, A and B Artinano and M Matos",
year = "2011",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045",
language = "English",
volume = "45",
pages = "6121--6132",
journal = "Atmospheric Environment",
issn = "1352-2310",
publisher = "Elsevier",
number = "34",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - OC/EC ratio observations in Europe: Re-thinking the approach for apportionment between primary and secondary organic carbon

AU - Pio, C

AU - Cerqueira, M

AU - Harrison, Roy

AU - Nunes, T

AU - Mirante, F

AU - Alves, C

AU - Oliveira, C

AU - Sanchez de la Campa, A

AU - Artinano, B

AU - Matos, M

PY - 2011/11/1

Y1 - 2011/11/1

N2 - This study explores a large set of OC and EC measurements in PM10 and PM2.5 aerosol samples, undertaken with a long term constant analytical methodology, to evaluate the capability of the OC/EC minimum ratio to represent the ratio between the OC and EC aerosol components resulting from fossil fuel combustion (OCff/ECff). The data set covers a wide geographical area in Europe, but with a particular focus upon Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom, and includes a great variety of sites: urban (background, kerbside and tunnel), industrial, rural and remote. The highest minimum ratios were found in samples from remote and rural sites. Urban background sites have shown spatially and temporally consistent minimum ratios, of around 1.0 for PM10 and 0.7 for PM2.5.The consistency of results has suggested that the method could be used as a tool to derive the ratio between OC and EC from fossil fuel combustion and consequently to differentiate OC from primary and secondary sources. To explore this capability, OC and EC measurements were performed in a busy roadway tunnel in central Lisbon. The OC/EC ratio, which reflected the composition of vehicle combustion emissions, was in the range of 03-0.4. Ratios of OC/EC in roadside increment air (roadside minus urban background) in Birmingham, UK also lie within the range 03-0.4. Additional measurements were performed under heavy traffic conditions at two double kerbside sites located in the centre of Lisbon and Madrid. The OC/EC minimum ratios observed at both sites were found to be between those of the tunnel and those of urban background air, suggesting that minimum values commonly obtained for this parameter in open urban atmospheres over-predict the direct emissions of OCff from road transport. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are explored. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

AB - This study explores a large set of OC and EC measurements in PM10 and PM2.5 aerosol samples, undertaken with a long term constant analytical methodology, to evaluate the capability of the OC/EC minimum ratio to represent the ratio between the OC and EC aerosol components resulting from fossil fuel combustion (OCff/ECff). The data set covers a wide geographical area in Europe, but with a particular focus upon Portugal, Spain and the United Kingdom, and includes a great variety of sites: urban (background, kerbside and tunnel), industrial, rural and remote. The highest minimum ratios were found in samples from remote and rural sites. Urban background sites have shown spatially and temporally consistent minimum ratios, of around 1.0 for PM10 and 0.7 for PM2.5.The consistency of results has suggested that the method could be used as a tool to derive the ratio between OC and EC from fossil fuel combustion and consequently to differentiate OC from primary and secondary sources. To explore this capability, OC and EC measurements were performed in a busy roadway tunnel in central Lisbon. The OC/EC ratio, which reflected the composition of vehicle combustion emissions, was in the range of 03-0.4. Ratios of OC/EC in roadside increment air (roadside minus urban background) in Birmingham, UK also lie within the range 03-0.4. Additional measurements were performed under heavy traffic conditions at two double kerbside sites located in the centre of Lisbon and Madrid. The OC/EC minimum ratios observed at both sites were found to be between those of the tunnel and those of urban background air, suggesting that minimum values commonly obtained for this parameter in open urban atmospheres over-predict the direct emissions of OCff from road transport. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are explored. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

KW - OC/EC ratio

KW - Organic carbon

KW - Secondary organic carbon

KW - Elemental carbon

KW - Size distribution

U2 - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045

DO - 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.08.045

M3 - Article

VL - 45

SP - 6121

EP - 6132

JO - Atmospheric Environment

JF - Atmospheric Environment

SN - 1352-2310

IS - 34

ER -