Abstract
The spatiotemporal resolution of Lagrangian particle trajectories captured using Positron Emission Particle Tracking (PEPT) is difficult to predict prior to experimentation, since this relies on the detector systems, source activity distribution, and experimental apparatus. However, understanding the limitations of an experiment is crucial to quantifying error and ensuring that the captured trajectories reveal phenomena of interest in enough detail for meaningful analysis. These factors are especially important in PEPT experiments since this technique is applied to image opaque systems lacking optical access for complementary measurement techniques, such as Particle Image Velocimetry. Using the Monte Carlo simulator Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE), a computational model of the ADAC/Phillips Forte, a detector system used at the Positron Imaging Centre (PIC) for PEPT studies, is created and validated against experiments testing the spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction, and count-rates following National Electronic Manufactures Association standards. In this work, fluorine-18 sources and experimental geometries are recreated, generating synthetic data analogous to experimentally acquired data. Over all experiments and activities tested, this GATE model reports agreement to within 1%–10% of experiments. In the future, this model is expected to be used by the PIC to conduct feasibility studies of potential experiments. Further, optimization of experiments can now be conducted without expending the considerable time and resources required for physical experimentation, representing a major improvement of the PIC's PEPT modeling capabilities.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 165073 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment |
Volume | 993 |
Early online date | 21 Jan 2021 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 21 Mar 2021 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Work at the Positron Imaging Centre is supported in part by a grant from the Engineering and Physical Science Research CouncilEP/R045046/1, Probing Multiscale Complex Multiphase Flows with Positrons for Engineering and Biomedical Applications.
Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
Keywords
- Experimental validation
- GATE
- Monte Carlo
- PEPT
- PET
- Radiation detection
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Nuclear and High Energy Physics
- Instrumentation
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Birmingham Environment for Academic Research (BEAR)
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