Mechanical chest compression devices at in-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Keith Couper, Joyce Yeung, Thomas Nicholson, Tom Quinn, Ranjit Lall, Gavin D. Perkins

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

21 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Aim:

To summarise the evidence in relation to the routine use of mechanical chest compression devices during resuscitation from in-hospital cardiac arrest.

Methods:

We conducted a systematic review of studies which compared the effect of the use of a mechanical chest compression device with manual chest compressions in adults that sustained an in-hospital cardiac arrest. Critical outcomes were survival with good neurological outcome, survival at hospital discharge or 30-days, and short-term survival (ROSC/1-h survival). Important outcomes included physiological outcomes. We synthesised results in a random-effects meta-analysis or narrative synthesis, as appropriate. Evidence quality in relation to each outcome was assessed using the GRADE system.

Data sources:

Studies were identified using electronic databases searches (Cochrane Central, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL), forward and backward citation searching, and review of reference lists of manufacturer documentation.

Results:

Eight papers, containing nine studies [689 participants], were included. Three studies were randomised controlled trials. Meta-analyses showed an association between use of mechanical chest compression device and improved hospital or 30-day survival (odds ratio 2.34, 95% CI 1.42–3.85) and short-term survival (odds ratio 2.14, 95% CI 1.11–4.13). There was also evidence of improvements in physiological outcomes. Overall evidence quality in relation to all outcomes was very low.

Conclusions:

Mechanical chest compression devices may improve patient outcome, when used at in-hospital cardiac arrest. However, the quality of current evidence is very low. There is a need for randomised trials to evaluate the effect of mechanical chest compression devices on survival for in-hospital cardiac arrest.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)24-31
JournalResuscitation
Volume103
Early online date11 Mar 2016
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Jun 2016

Keywords

  • Cardiac arrest
  • In-hospital cardiac arrest
  • Advanced life support
  • Mechanical chest compression device

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