Abstract
Background: Evidence on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD risk factors in people with HIV (PWH) is limited. We aimed to identify the risk of composite CVD, individual CVD events and common risk factors.
Methods: This was a nationwide population-based cohort study comparing adult (≥18y) PWH with HIV-negative individuals matched on age, sex, ethnicity and location. The primary outcome was composite CVD comprising stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), peripheral vascular disease (PVD), ischaemic heart disease and heart failure. The secondary outcomes were individual CVD events, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the risk of each outcome.
Results: We identified 9233 PWH and 35721 HIV-negative individuals. An increased risk was found for composite CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.50, 95% CI 1.28-1.77), stroke (aHR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.86), ischaemic heart disease (aHR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.94), hypertension (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.23-1.53), type 2 diabetes (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.50), CKD (aHR 2.42, 95% CI 1.98-2.94) and all-cause mortality (aHR 2.84, 95% CI (2.48-3.25).
Conclusions: PWH have a heightened risk for CVD and common CVD risk factors, reinforcing the importance for regular screening for such conditions.
Methods: This was a nationwide population-based cohort study comparing adult (≥18y) PWH with HIV-negative individuals matched on age, sex, ethnicity and location. The primary outcome was composite CVD comprising stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), peripheral vascular disease (PVD), ischaemic heart disease and heart failure. The secondary outcomes were individual CVD events, hypertension, diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and all-cause mortality. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to examine the risk of each outcome.
Results: We identified 9233 PWH and 35721 HIV-negative individuals. An increased risk was found for composite CVD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.50, 95% CI 1.28-1.77), stroke (aHR 1.42, 95% CI 1.08-1.86), ischaemic heart disease (aHR 1.55, 95% CI 1.24-1.94), hypertension (aHR 1.37, 95% CI 1.23-1.53), type 2 diabetes (aHR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.50), CKD (aHR 2.42, 95% CI 1.98-2.94) and all-cause mortality (aHR 2.84, 95% CI (2.48-3.25).
Conclusions: PWH have a heightened risk for CVD and common CVD risk factors, reinforcing the importance for regular screening for such conditions.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | jiab420 |
| Pages (from-to) | 1348–1356 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | The Journal of Infectious Diseases |
| Volume | 225 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| Early online date | 21 Aug 2021 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 15 Apr 2022 |
Bibliographical note
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.Keywords
- HIV
- cardiovascular disease
- stroke
- peripheral vascular disease
- ischaemic heart disease
- myocardial infarction
- heart failure
- hypertension
- diabetes
- chronic kidney disease
Access to Document
- GoodenT2021Incidence
This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Infectious Diseases following peer review. The version of record 'Tiffany E Gooden, Mike Gardner, Jingya Wang, Kate Jolly, Deirdre A Lane, Laura A Benjamin, Henry C Mwandumba, Vanessa Kandoole, Isaac B Lwanga, Stephen Taylor, Semira Manaseki-Holland, Gregory Y H Lip, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, G Neil Thomas, Incidence of cardiometabolic diseases in people living with and without HIV in the UK: a population-based matched cohort study, The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2021;, jiab420, https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab420 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab420