Abstract
The work presented here, demonstrates the on-board exhaust assisted catalytic ammonia (NH3) conversion to H 2-N 2 using either only exhaust heat (decomposition) or by direct reaction with part of the exhaust gas (reforming). The resultant H 2-N 2 gas mixture from the exhaust heat driven thermochemical energy recovery processes contains up to 15% more energy than the reactant NH 3 (i.e. for 1 kW of NH 3 used in the reaction up to 1.15 kW of H 2 is produced). Experimental studies using a rhodium-platinum (Rh-Pt) catalyst and equilibrium calculations in Chemkin using Konnov's 0.6 and Nozari's reduced mechanisms have revealed that complete NH 3 conversion occurs at typical gasoline direct injection (GDI) engine exhaust gas temperatures (450 °C–550 °C). By partially replacing gasoline in GDI engine with the resultant (H 2-N 2 products, up to 30% reduction in CO 2 and fuels consumption can be achieved. Additional benefits can be gained under real engine operation when the benefits of reduced pumping losses, due to intake dilution with H 2-N 2 gas, are also considered. Furthermore, the work demonstrates additional benefits in CO 2 life cycle for the NH 3 use as an energy carrier in transportation and broader combustion power generation systems.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 119111 |
Journal | Fuel |
Volume | 285 |
Early online date | 6 Sept 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Feb 2021 |
Keywords
- Ammonia decomposition
- Energy recovery
- Gasoline engine emission
- Hydrogen production
- Reforming catalyst
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- Fuel Technology
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Organic Chemistry