TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of inspired air conditions on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and urinary CC16 levels in athletes
AU - Bolger, C
AU - Tufvesson, E
AU - Anderson, SD
AU - Devereux, G
AU - Ayres, Jonathan
AU - Bjermer, L
AU - Sue-Chu, M
AU - Kippelen, P
PY - 2011/10/1
Y1 - 2011/10/1
N2 - Bolger C, Tufvesson E, Anderson SD, Devereux G, Ayres JG, Bjermer L, Sue-Chu M, Kippelen P. Effect of inspired air conditions on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and urinary CC16 levels in athletes. J Appl Physiol 111: 1059-1065, 2011. First published July 28, 2011; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2011.-Injury to the airway epithelium has been proposed as a key susceptibility factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Our goals were to establish whether airway epithelial cell injury occurs during EIB in athletes and whether inhalation of warm humid air inhibits this injury. Twenty-one young male athletes (10 with a history of EIB) performed two 8-min exercise tests near maximal aerobic capacity in cold dry (4 degrees C, 37% relative humidity) and warm humid (25 degrees C, 94% relative humidity) air on separate days. Postexercise changes in urinary CC16 were used as a biomarker of airway epithelial cell perturbation and injury. Bronchoconstriction occurred in eight athletes in the cold dry environment and was completely blocked by inhalation of warm humid air [maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s = 18.1 +/- 2.1% (SD) in cold dry air and 1.7 +/- 0.8% in warm humid air, P <0.01]. Exercise caused an increase in urinary excretion of CC16 in all subjects (P <0.001), but this rise in CC16 was blunted following inhalation of warm humid air [median CC16 increase pre- to postchallenge = 1.91 and 0.35 ng/mu mol in cold dry and warm humid air, respectively, in athletes with EIB (P = 0.017) and 1.68 and 0.48 ng/mu mol in cold dry and warm humid air, respectively, in athletes without EIB (P = 0.002)]. The results indicate that exercise hyperpnea transiently disrupts the airway epithelium of all athletes (not only in those with EIB) and that inhalation of warm moist air limits airway epithelial cell perturbation and injury.
AB - Bolger C, Tufvesson E, Anderson SD, Devereux G, Ayres JG, Bjermer L, Sue-Chu M, Kippelen P. Effect of inspired air conditions on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and urinary CC16 levels in athletes. J Appl Physiol 111: 1059-1065, 2011. First published July 28, 2011; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2011.-Injury to the airway epithelium has been proposed as a key susceptibility factor for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB). Our goals were to establish whether airway epithelial cell injury occurs during EIB in athletes and whether inhalation of warm humid air inhibits this injury. Twenty-one young male athletes (10 with a history of EIB) performed two 8-min exercise tests near maximal aerobic capacity in cold dry (4 degrees C, 37% relative humidity) and warm humid (25 degrees C, 94% relative humidity) air on separate days. Postexercise changes in urinary CC16 were used as a biomarker of airway epithelial cell perturbation and injury. Bronchoconstriction occurred in eight athletes in the cold dry environment and was completely blocked by inhalation of warm humid air [maximal fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s = 18.1 +/- 2.1% (SD) in cold dry air and 1.7 +/- 0.8% in warm humid air, P <0.01]. Exercise caused an increase in urinary excretion of CC16 in all subjects (P <0.001), but this rise in CC16 was blunted following inhalation of warm humid air [median CC16 increase pre- to postchallenge = 1.91 and 0.35 ng/mu mol in cold dry and warm humid air, respectively, in athletes with EIB (P = 0.017) and 1.68 and 0.48 ng/mu mol in cold dry and warm humid air, respectively, in athletes without EIB (P = 0.002)]. The results indicate that exercise hyperpnea transiently disrupts the airway epithelium of all athletes (not only in those with EIB) and that inhalation of warm moist air limits airway epithelial cell perturbation and injury.
KW - airway epithelial injury
KW - Clara cell
KW - asthma
U2 - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2011
DO - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2011
M3 - Article
SN - 1522-1601
VL - 111
SP - 1059
EP - 1065
JO - Journal of Applied Physiology
JF - Journal of Applied Physiology
IS - 4
ER -