Weak-lensing Analysis of X-Ray-selected XXL Galaxy Groups and Clusters with Subaru HSC Data

We present a weak-lensing analysis of X-ray galaxy groups and clusters selected from the XMM-XXL survey using the first-year data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program. Our joint weak-lensing and X-ray analysis focuses on 136 spectroscopically confirmed X-ray-selected systems at 0.031 ≤ z ≤ 1.033 detected in the 25 deg2 XXL-N region, which largely overlaps with the HSC-XMM field. With high-quality HSC weak-lensing data, we characterize the mass distributions of individual clusters and establish the concentration–mass (c–M) relation for the XXL sample, by accounting for selection bias and statistical effects and marginalizing over the remaining mass calibration uncertainty. We find the mass-trend parameter of the c–M relation to be $\beta =-0.07\pm 0.28$ and the normalization to be ${c}_{200}=4.8\pm 1.0\,(\mathrm{stat})\pm 0.8\,(\mathrm{syst})$ at ${M}_{200}={10}^{14}\,{h}^{-1}\,{M}_{\odot }$ and z = 0.3. We find no statistical evidence for redshift evolution. Our weak-lensing results are in excellent agreement with dark-matter-only c–M relations calibrated for recent ΛCDM cosmologies. The level of intrinsic scatter in c200 is constrained as $\sigma (\mathrm{ln}{c}_{200})\lt 24 \% $ ($99.7 \% $ CL), which is smaller than predicted for the full population of ΛCDM halos. This is likely caused in part by the X-ray selection bias in terms of the cool-core or relaxation state. We determine the temperature–mass (TX–M500) relation for a subset of 105 XXL clusters that have both measured HSC lensing masses and X-ray temperatures. The resulting TX–M500 relation is consistent with the self-similar prediction. Our TX–M500 relation agrees with the XXL DR1 results at group scales but has a slightly steeper mass trend, implying a smaller mass scale in the cluster regime. The overall offset in the TX–M500 relation is at the ∼1.5σ level, corresponding to a mean mass offset of $34 \% \pm 20 \% $. We also provide bias-corrected, weak-lensing-calibrated M200 and M500 mass estimates of individual XXL clusters based on their measured X-ray temperatures.