Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study

the PRONIA consortium; Theresa Katharina Haidl; Nicole Schneider; Kim Dickmann; Stephan Ruhrmann; Nathalie Kaiser; Marlene Rosen; Mauro Seves; Thorsten Lichtenstein; Rachel Upthegrove; Raimo K.r. Salokangas; Christos Pantelis; Eva Meisenzahl; Stephen J. Wood; Paolo Brambilla; Stefan Borgwardt; Lencer Rebekka; Joseph Kambeitz; Nikolaos Koutsouleris; Frauke Schultze-lutter

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004

Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study

the PRONIA consortium, Theresa Katharina Haidl, Nicole Schneider, Kim Dickmann, Stephan Ruhrmann, Nathalie Kaiser, Marlene Rosen, Mauro Seves, Thorsten Lichtenstein, Rachel Upthegrove, Raimo K.r. Salokangas, Christos Pantelis, Eva Meisenzahl, Stephen J. Wood, Paolo Brambilla, Stefan Borgwardt, Lencer Rebekka, Joseph Kambeitz, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Frauke Schultze-lutter

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Abstract

Background: Bullying as a specific subtype of adverse life events is a major risk factor for poor mental health. Although many questionnaires on bullying are available, so far none covers bullying retrospectively throughout school and working life. To close this gap, the Bullying Scale for Adults (BSA) was designed.

Methods: Based on data of 622 participants from five European countries collected in the prospective multicenter Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) study, we investigated whether the BSA is a reliable and valid measurement for bullying and whether there is a difference across different diagnostic groups of early mental disorders (recent onset depressive/ psychotic patients, patients at clinical high-risk of psychosis) and healthy controls.

Results: Bullying experiences were significantly less frequent in healthy controls than in patient groups, with no significant differences between the three clinical groups. The BSA exhibited a high item scale discrimination (r >.3) and very good internal consistency (Cronbach's α =.93). Four factors were identified: 1. Sexual harassment, 2. Emotional Abuse, 3. Physical Abuse, 4. Problems at school. The highly significant correlation between bullying, and childhood adversities and trauma (r =.645, p <.001) indicated good concurrent validity.

Discussion: The BSA is the first validated questionnaire that, in retrospective, reliably records various aspects of bullying (incl. its consequences) not only throughout childhood but also working life. It can be used to assess bullying as a transdiagnostic risk factor of mental disorders in different mental disorders, esp. psychosis and depression.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	88-97
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Psychiatric Research
Volume	129
Early online date	11 May 2020
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004
Publication status	Published - Oct 2020

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Psychiatry and Mental health
Biological Psychiatry

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004Licence: None: All rights reserved

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022395619314311Licence: None: All rights reserved

FP7_COLLAB - PRONIA
Upthegrove, R.
European Commission - Management Costs, European Commission
1/10/13 → 31/03/19
Project: Research

Cite this

the PRONIA consortium, Haidl, T. K., Schneider, N., Dickmann, K., Ruhrmann, S., Kaiser, N., Rosen, M., Seves, M., Lichtenstein, T., Upthegrove, R., Salokangas, R. K. R., Pantelis, C., Meisenzahl, E., Wood, S. J., Brambilla, P., Borgwardt, S., Rebekka, L., Kambeitz, J., Koutsouleris, N., & Schultze-lutter, F. (2020). Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 129, 88-97. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004

@article{7a989abb449744ab8ea9ebba560f9ac0,

title = "Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study",

abstract = "Background: Bullying as a specific subtype of adverse life events is a major risk factor for poor mental health. Although many questionnaires on bullying are available, so far none covers bullying retrospectively throughout school and working life. To close this gap, the Bullying Scale for Adults (BSA) was designed. Methods: Based on data of 622 participants from five European countries collected in the prospective multicenter Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) study, we investigated whether the BSA is a reliable and valid measurement for bullying and whether there is a difference across different diagnostic groups of early mental disorders (recent onset depressive/ psychotic patients, patients at clinical high-risk of psychosis) and healthy controls. Results: Bullying experiences were significantly less frequent in healthy controls than in patient groups, with no significant differences between the three clinical groups. The BSA exhibited a high item scale discrimination (r >.3) and very good internal consistency (Cronbach's α =.93). Four factors were identified: 1. Sexual harassment, 2. Emotional Abuse, 3. Physical Abuse, 4. Problems at school. The highly significant correlation between bullying, and childhood adversities and trauma (r =.645, p <.001) indicated good concurrent validity. Discussion: The BSA is the first validated questionnaire that, in retrospective, reliably records various aspects of bullying (incl. its consequences) not only throughout childhood but also working life. It can be used to assess bullying as a transdiagnostic risk factor of mental disorders in different mental disorders, esp. psychosis and depression.",

author = "{the PRONIA consortium} and Haidl, {Theresa Katharina} and Nicole Schneider and Kim Dickmann and Stephan Ruhrmann and Nathalie Kaiser and Marlene Rosen and Mauro Seves and Thorsten Lichtenstein and Rachel Upthegrove and Salokangas, {Raimo K.r.} and Christos Pantelis and Eva Meisenzahl and Wood, {Stephen J.} and Paolo Brambilla and Stefan Borgwardt and Lencer Rebekka and Joseph Kambeitz and Nikolaos Koutsouleris and Frauke Schultze-lutter and Griffiths, {Sian Lowri} and Mariam Iqbal and Mirabel Pelton and Pavan Mallikarjun and Alexandra Stainton and Ashleigh Lin",

year = "2020",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004",

language = "English",

volume = "129",

pages = "88--97",

journal = "Journal of Psychiatric Research",

issn = "0022-3956",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

the PRONIA consortium, Haidl, TK, Schneider, N, Dickmann, K, Ruhrmann, S, Kaiser, N, Rosen, M, Seves, M, Lichtenstein, T, Upthegrove, R, Salokangas, RKR, Pantelis, C, Meisenzahl, E, Wood, SJ, Brambilla, P, Borgwardt, S, Rebekka, L, Kambeitz, J, Koutsouleris, N & Schultze-lutter, F 2020, 'Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study', Journal of Psychiatric Research, vol. 129, pp. 88-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004

TY - JOUR

T1 - Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study

AU - the PRONIA consortium

AU - Haidl, Theresa Katharina

AU - Schneider, Nicole

AU - Dickmann, Kim

AU - Ruhrmann, Stephan

AU - Kaiser, Nathalie

AU - Rosen, Marlene

AU - Seves, Mauro

AU - Lichtenstein, Thorsten

AU - Upthegrove, Rachel

AU - Salokangas, Raimo K.r.

AU - Pantelis, Christos

AU - Meisenzahl, Eva

AU - Wood, Stephen J.

AU - Brambilla, Paolo

AU - Borgwardt, Stefan

AU - Rebekka, Lencer

AU - Kambeitz, Joseph

AU - Koutsouleris, Nikolaos

AU - Schultze-lutter, Frauke

AU - Griffiths, Sian Lowri

AU - Iqbal, Mariam

AU - Pelton, Mirabel

AU - Mallikarjun, Pavan

AU - Stainton, Alexandra

AU - Lin, Ashleigh

PY - 2020/10

Y1 - 2020/10

N2 - Background: Bullying as a specific subtype of adverse life events is a major risk factor for poor mental health. Although many questionnaires on bullying are available, so far none covers bullying retrospectively throughout school and working life. To close this gap, the Bullying Scale for Adults (BSA) was designed. Methods: Based on data of 622 participants from five European countries collected in the prospective multicenter Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) study, we investigated whether the BSA is a reliable and valid measurement for bullying and whether there is a difference across different diagnostic groups of early mental disorders (recent onset depressive/ psychotic patients, patients at clinical high-risk of psychosis) and healthy controls. Results: Bullying experiences were significantly less frequent in healthy controls than in patient groups, with no significant differences between the three clinical groups. The BSA exhibited a high item scale discrimination (r >.3) and very good internal consistency (Cronbach's α =.93). Four factors were identified: 1. Sexual harassment, 2. Emotional Abuse, 3. Physical Abuse, 4. Problems at school. The highly significant correlation between bullying, and childhood adversities and trauma (r =.645, p <.001) indicated good concurrent validity. Discussion: The BSA is the first validated questionnaire that, in retrospective, reliably records various aspects of bullying (incl. its consequences) not only throughout childhood but also working life. It can be used to assess bullying as a transdiagnostic risk factor of mental disorders in different mental disorders, esp. psychosis and depression.

AB - Background: Bullying as a specific subtype of adverse life events is a major risk factor for poor mental health. Although many questionnaires on bullying are available, so far none covers bullying retrospectively throughout school and working life. To close this gap, the Bullying Scale for Adults (BSA) was designed. Methods: Based on data of 622 participants from five European countries collected in the prospective multicenter Personalized Prognostic Tools for Early Psychosis Management (PRONIA) study, we investigated whether the BSA is a reliable and valid measurement for bullying and whether there is a difference across different diagnostic groups of early mental disorders (recent onset depressive/ psychotic patients, patients at clinical high-risk of psychosis) and healthy controls. Results: Bullying experiences were significantly less frequent in healthy controls than in patient groups, with no significant differences between the three clinical groups. The BSA exhibited a high item scale discrimination (r >.3) and very good internal consistency (Cronbach's α =.93). Four factors were identified: 1. Sexual harassment, 2. Emotional Abuse, 3. Physical Abuse, 4. Problems at school. The highly significant correlation between bullying, and childhood adversities and trauma (r =.645, p <.001) indicated good concurrent validity. Discussion: The BSA is the first validated questionnaire that, in retrospective, reliably records various aspects of bullying (incl. its consequences) not only throughout childhood but also working life. It can be used to assess bullying as a transdiagnostic risk factor of mental disorders in different mental disorders, esp. psychosis and depression.

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U2 - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004

DO - 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.004

M3 - Article

SN - 0022-3956

VL - 129

SP - 88

EP - 97

JO - Journal of Psychiatric Research

JF - Journal of Psychiatric Research

ER -

Validation of the bullying scale for adults - results of the PRONIA-study

Abstract

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

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Projects

FP7_COLLAB - PRONIA

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