Two Time - Scale Hierarchical Control of Integrated Quantity and Quality in Drinking Water Distribution Systems

The paper considers a feedback optimising control of drinking water distribution systems (DWDS). Although the optimised pump and valves scheduling and disinfectant injection control attracted considerable attention over last two decades most of the contributions were limited to an open-loop optimisation repetitively performed during the DWDS operation. Also, while a strong interaction between the water quantity and quality exists most of the proposals regards either quality or quantity control. The paper derives a two times-scale hierarchical controller with MPC control algorithms at the slow upper and fast lower control levels. The controller performance is validated by a comprehensive simulation study based on an example case study DWDS.