Two-position HF scattering from the rough sea surface. I. theory

In the first part of the article the spectrum of electromagnetic waves scattered by the sea surface is theoretically investigated within the framework of the first order of the perturbation theory. The event of a linear omnidirectional antenna located near the sea surface which is illuminated by the incident field is considered. The finite conductivity of the sea-water, the sliding propagation of the scattered waves, the possible movement of the receiver and surface current are taken into account. The limiting passages to the known problem solutions have been performed.