Towards sustainable mobility: A systematic review of hydrogen refueling station security assessment and risk prevention

The signing of the Paris Agreement in 2016 established the goals of countries around the world for the transition from traditional fossil energy to sustainable energy in the 21st century. Reduce carbon emissions using new sustainable energy sources, while safeguarding the energy needs of social development. The advantages of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles such as no carbon emissions, long battery life and short hydrogenation time make them the development direction of new energy vehicles in many countries. Many countries such as the United Kingdom, China and Japan have formulated hydrogen energy development plans. As the hub and supply station of the hydrogen energy transportation network, the hydrogen refueling station is crucial to the development of the hydrogen economy. This paper summarizes the current main hydrogen storage methods and the existing risks, analyzes the main security threats of hydrogen refueling stations, and discusses the security system to prevent hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogen explosion. Finally, the hydrogen refueling station is compared with the petrol station, and the future security development and management pattern of the hydrogen refueling station is summarized. The security assessment of the hydrogen refueling station is carried out in this paper, which provides theoretical support for the development of hydrogen refueling stations from the perspective of security.