Abstract
Cytokines and extracellular vesicles are two methods of initiating and maintaining cellular crosstalk. The role of cytokines in the initiation, progression, and resolution of inflammation has been well studied and more so, their pathophysiological role in the development of autoimmune disease. In recent years, the impact of extracellular vesicles on the progression of autoimmunity has become more widely appreciated. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that allow extracellular vesicles of various sources to modulate cytokine production, and release, and how extracellular vesicles might be involved in the direct delivery and modulation of cytokine levels. Moreover, we explore what challenges are faced by current therapies and the promising future for extracellular vesicles as therapeutic agents in conditions driven by immune dysregulation.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 7096 |
Pages (from-to) | 1-18 |
Journal | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Volume | 21 |
Issue number | 19 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 26 Sept 2020 |
Keywords
- Autoimmunity
- Cytokines
- Exosomes
- Extracellular vesicles
- Inflammation
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Catalysis
- Molecular Biology
- Spectroscopy
- Computer Science Applications
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry