Synthesis, properties and photocatalytic activity of a semiconductor/cellulose composite for dye degradation-a review

Photocatalytic degradation is an eco-friendly method that is used to solve problems related to environmental pollution. However, the usage of nano-photocatalysts in the process presents another challenge in terms of the nano-particle agglomerates and their re-usability. To tackle this challenge, an idea of supporting semiconductor with a structural support that makes the photocatalyst porous and recyclable. To ensure sustainability, cellulosic materials as the organic matrix are recently employed. Many studies on the synthesis routes, properties and activity of the semiconductor/cellulose photocatalyst have been reported and exciting results have been achieved. Thus, herein a comprehensive review of some related articles has been made. From the critical review of the related articles conducted, it has been established that the photocatalytic activity of the various semiconductor/cellulose composites improved by 1.3 ~ 3.5 times relative to pure cellulose matrix or semiconductor. Also, it has been established that among these composites, some could be re-used up to 4 times with good photocatalytic efficiency. The synthesis route, properties and mechanism responsible for the efficacy of these semiconductor/cellulose composites have been discussed, and future perspective which provide basis for future research in the area has been suggested.