Surface Self-Assembly of Hydrogen-Bonded Frameworks

The use of intermolecular hydrogen bonds to create two-dimensional arrays on surfaces is discussed. In particular, the supramolecular synthon strategy, is described which in principle allows the rational design and synthesis of hydrogen-bonded arrays and frameworks. The success or otherwise of using this approach is discussed, and remarkable examples of porous frameworks capable of trapping guest molecules, as well as complex and intricate design strategies that lead to tiling assemblies, are explored. Ultimately, the successful implementation of the supramolecular synthon strategy using hydrogen bonds is demonstrated, coupled with an appreciation of the complexity of energetic preferences during the self-assembly process.