Smoking is associated with lower age, higher grade, higher stage, and larger size of malignant bladder tumours at diagnosis

Eline H van Roekel, Kar K Cheng, Nicholas D James, D Michael A Wallace, Lucinda J Billingham, Paul G Murray, Richard T Bryan, Maurice P Zeegers

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Smoking is a strong risk factor of bladder cancer (BC), but it is currently unclear whether smoking is also associated with severity of BC at diagnosis. We performed a large hospital-based case-comparison study, examining the relation between smoking and clinical characteristics of BC at diagnosis. A total of 1,544 cases from participating hospitals in the West Midlands were recruited between 19 December 2005 and 21 April 2011. Eligible cases were adult BC patients without a previous history of this disease. At time of diagnosis, semi-structured face-to-face interviews were conducted by trained research nurses to collect smoking information. Clinical characteristics were obtained from medical records. Linear mixed models were performed to calculate predicted means in clinical outcomes for a variety of smoking behaviours. A P
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)446-454
Number of pages9
JournalInternational Journal of Cancer
Volume133
Issue number2
Early online date13 Feb 2013
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Jul 2013

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