TY - JOUR
T1 - Self-Regulatory Strategies to Overcome Boredom in the Gym: Development and Validation of the Interest-Enhancing Strategies for Exercise Questionnaire (IESEQ)
AU - Cumming, Jennifer
AU - Duda, Joan
PY - 2010
Y1 - 2010
N2 - When activities are not inherently interesting but important to perform (e.g., exercise), Sansone, Weir, Harpster, and Morgan (1992) suggest that individuals will engage in strategies to raise their interest as a means to self-regulating their motivation. Based on Green Demers, Pelletier, Stewart, and Gushue’s (1998) study with figure skaters, the interest-enhancing strategies used by exercisers were investigated in the present research through the development of a valid and reliable 12 item questionnaire. In Study 1 (n = 367; M age = 23.34, SD = 8.26; 219 females, 147 males), a principal component analysis with direct oblimin rotation indicated the existence of 4 factors (music, dissociation, rationale, and variety) that explained 56.57% of the variance in the data. In Study 2, structural equation modelling confirmed the 4 factors across two samples (Sample 1: N = 343; M age = 31.02, SD = 12.31; 157 females, 182 males; Sample 2: N = 343; M age = 30.48, SD = 12.30; 153 females, 187 males). The internal reliabilities for these factors were also found to be good (alpha = .73 to .91). Combining both samples for Study 3, a repeated measures ANOVA showed that exercisers reported using rationale significantly more than the other interest-enhancing strategies. A MANOVA followed by univariate tests indicated that females reported greater use of dissociation and music than males (all p < .001). Finally, partial correlations controlling for gender revealed relationships between the interest-enhancing strategies and other exercise-related variables (self-reported exercise behaviour, perceived behavioural control, interest/enjoyment, feeling states, and exercise self-efficacy). Rationale and variety displayed a uniformly adaptive pattern, dissociation displayed a uniformly maladaptive pattern, and music displayed a mixed pattern. These results point to the potential usefulness of the Interest-Enhancing Strategies for Exercise Questionnaire (IESEQ) for examining different ways exercisers overcome boredom and increase interest in their gym activities.
AB - When activities are not inherently interesting but important to perform (e.g., exercise), Sansone, Weir, Harpster, and Morgan (1992) suggest that individuals will engage in strategies to raise their interest as a means to self-regulating their motivation. Based on Green Demers, Pelletier, Stewart, and Gushue’s (1998) study with figure skaters, the interest-enhancing strategies used by exercisers were investigated in the present research through the development of a valid and reliable 12 item questionnaire. In Study 1 (n = 367; M age = 23.34, SD = 8.26; 219 females, 147 males), a principal component analysis with direct oblimin rotation indicated the existence of 4 factors (music, dissociation, rationale, and variety) that explained 56.57% of the variance in the data. In Study 2, structural equation modelling confirmed the 4 factors across two samples (Sample 1: N = 343; M age = 31.02, SD = 12.31; 157 females, 182 males; Sample 2: N = 343; M age = 30.48, SD = 12.30; 153 females, 187 males). The internal reliabilities for these factors were also found to be good (alpha = .73 to .91). Combining both samples for Study 3, a repeated measures ANOVA showed that exercisers reported using rationale significantly more than the other interest-enhancing strategies. A MANOVA followed by univariate tests indicated that females reported greater use of dissociation and music than males (all p < .001). Finally, partial correlations controlling for gender revealed relationships between the interest-enhancing strategies and other exercise-related variables (self-reported exercise behaviour, perceived behavioural control, interest/enjoyment, feeling states, and exercise self-efficacy). Rationale and variety displayed a uniformly adaptive pattern, dissociation displayed a uniformly maladaptive pattern, and music displayed a mixed pattern. These results point to the potential usefulness of the Interest-Enhancing Strategies for Exercise Questionnaire (IESEQ) for examining different ways exercisers overcome boredom and increase interest in their gym activities.
M3 - Abstract
SN - 0895-2779
SP - 155
JO - Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
JF - Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology
ER -