Remanufacturing: pathway to Sustaina-bee-lity

Remanufacturing is a key component of a circular economy because it helps to reduce the consumption of raw materials, energy, greenhouse gas emissions, and landfill. The research focuses on disassembly as the first and most important step in remanufacturing. A sustainability model was proposed in this study to balance the three goals of maximising profit and energy and environmental impact savings. The recovery strategies address three sustainability paths: reuse, remanufacturing, and recycling. The Bees Algorithm was used to optimise the robotic disassembly sequence plans. The results from a practical case study demonstrate that the algorithm produces the optimal robotic disassembly sequence.