TY - JOUR
T1 - Reactive Passivation of Wide-Bandgap Organic–Inorganic Perovskites with Benzylamine
AU - Zhou, Suer
AU - Gallant, Benjamin M.
AU - Zhang, Junxiang
AU - Shi, Yangwei
AU - Smith, Joel
AU - Drysdale, James N.
AU - Therdkatanyuphong, Pattarawadee
AU - Taddei, Margherita
AU - McCarthy, Declan P.
AU - Barlow, Stephen
AU - Kilbride, Rachel C.
AU - Dasgupta, Akash
AU - Marshall, Ashley R.
AU - Wang, Jian
AU - Kubicki, Dominik J.
AU - Ginger, David S.
AU - Marder, Seth R.
AU - Snaith, Henry J.
PY - 2024/10/9
Y1 - 2024/10/9
N2 - While amines are widely used as additives in metal-halide perovskites, our understanding of the way amines in perovskite precursor solutions impact the resultant perovskite film is still limited. In this paper, we explore the multiple effects of benzylamine (BnAm), also referred to as phenylmethylamine, used to passivate both FA0.75Cs0.25Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 and FA0.8Cs0.2PbI3 perovskite compositions. We show that, unlike benzylammonium (BnA+) halide salts, BnAm reacts rapidly with the formamidinium (FA+) cation, forming new chemical products in solution and these products passivate the perovskite crystal domains when processed into a thin film. In addition, when BnAm is used as a bulk additive, the average perovskite solar cell maximum power point tracked efficiency (for 30 s) increased to 19.3% compared to the control devices 16.8% for a 1.68 eV perovskite. Under combined full spectrum simulated sunlight and 65 °C temperature, the devices maintained a better T80 stability of close to 2500 h while the control devices have T80 stabilities of <100 h. We obtained similar results when presynthesizing the product BnFAI and adding it directly into the perovskite precursor solution. These findings highlight the mechanistic differences between amine and ammonium salt passivation, enabling the rational design of molecular strategies to improve the material quality and device performance of metal-halide perovskites.
AB - While amines are widely used as additives in metal-halide perovskites, our understanding of the way amines in perovskite precursor solutions impact the resultant perovskite film is still limited. In this paper, we explore the multiple effects of benzylamine (BnAm), also referred to as phenylmethylamine, used to passivate both FA0.75Cs0.25Pb(I0.8Br0.2)3 and FA0.8Cs0.2PbI3 perovskite compositions. We show that, unlike benzylammonium (BnA+) halide salts, BnAm reacts rapidly with the formamidinium (FA+) cation, forming new chemical products in solution and these products passivate the perovskite crystal domains when processed into a thin film. In addition, when BnAm is used as a bulk additive, the average perovskite solar cell maximum power point tracked efficiency (for 30 s) increased to 19.3% compared to the control devices 16.8% for a 1.68 eV perovskite. Under combined full spectrum simulated sunlight and 65 °C temperature, the devices maintained a better T80 stability of close to 2500 h while the control devices have T80 stabilities of <100 h. We obtained similar results when presynthesizing the product BnFAI and adding it directly into the perovskite precursor solution. These findings highlight the mechanistic differences between amine and ammonium salt passivation, enabling the rational design of molecular strategies to improve the material quality and device performance of metal-halide perovskites.
U2 - 10.1021/jacs.4c06659
DO - 10.1021/jacs.4c06659
M3 - Article
SN - 0002-7863
VL - 146
SP - 27405
EP - 27416
JO - Journal of the American Chemical Society
JF - Journal of the American Chemical Society
IS - 40
ER -