Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer

Zabdiel Brito-Brito; Jesus Salvador Velazquez-Gonzalez; Fermin Mira; Yi Wang; Ignacio Llamas-Garro

doi:10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066

Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer

Zabdiel Brito-Brito^*
, Jesus Salvador Velazquez-Gonzalez
, Fermin Mira
, Yi Wang
, Ignacio Llamas-Garro^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

Abstract

In this work, preliminary results regarding a radio frequency planar low-cost temperature sensor, with potential for integrated sensing and communications are described. The sensor is based on a ring resonator onto which a layer of PDMS is added as the sensor active layer, allowing resonant frequency shift according to varying temperature, since the dielectric constant of the PDMS changes when exposed to different temperatures. The combination of a ring resonator with a layer of PDMS on top allows the development of a thermal sensor using microwave signals, such as those used for communications. The resonant frequency changes at a rate of 1 MHz per degree Celsius. The resonant frequency of the ring resonator alone at room temperature was designed to resonate at 4 GHz. This work is proof of concept towards integrated sensing and communication components.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 55th European Microwave Conference (EuMC)
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Pages	914-917
Number of pages	4
ISBN (Electronic)	9782874870811
ISBN (Print)	9798331512606
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066
Publication status	Published - 19 Nov 2025
Event	55th European Microwave Conference - Utrecht, Netherlands Duration: 23 Sept 2025 → 25 Sept 2025 Conference number: 55

Publication series

Name	European Microwave Conference
Publisher	IEEE
ISSN (Electronic)	2325-0305

Conference

Conference	55th European Microwave Conference
Abbreviated title	EuMC 2025
Country/Territory	Netherlands
City	Utrecht
Period	23/09/25 → 25/09/25

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2025 European Microwave Association (EuMA).

Keywords

PDMS
Ring Resonator
Sensor
temperature
VNA

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Computer Networks and Communications
Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Instrumentation

Access to Document

10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066Licence: None: All rights reserved

6G-REFERENCE_HaRdware Enablers For CEll FRee CohEreNt Communications & SEnsing
Wang, Y. (Principal Investigator)
UKRI Horizon Europe Underwriting Innovate UK
1/01/24 → 31/12/26
Project: Research

Cite this

Brito-Brito, Z., Velazquez-Gonzalez, J. S., Mira, F., Wang, Y., & Llamas-Garro, I. (2025). Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer. In 2025 55th European Microwave Conference (EuMC) (pp. 914-917). (European Microwave Conference). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066

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title = "Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer",

abstract = "In this work, preliminary results regarding a radio frequency planar low-cost temperature sensor, with potential for integrated sensing and communications are described. The sensor is based on a ring resonator onto which a layer of PDMS is added as the sensor active layer, allowing resonant frequency shift according to varying temperature, since the dielectric constant of the PDMS changes when exposed to different temperatures. The combination of a ring resonator with a layer of PDMS on top allows the development of a thermal sensor using microwave signals, such as those used for communications. The resonant frequency changes at a rate of 1 MHz per degree Celsius. The resonant frequency of the ring resonator alone at room temperature was designed to resonate at 4 GHz. This work is proof of concept towards integrated sensing and communication components.",

keywords = "PDMS, Ring Resonator, Sensor, temperature, VNA",

author = "Zabdiel Brito-Brito and Velazquez-Gonzalez, \{Jesus Salvador\} and Fermin Mira and Yi Wang and Ignacio Llamas-Garro",

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Brito-Brito, Z, Velazquez-Gonzalez, JS, Mira, F, Wang, Y & Llamas-Garro, I 2025, Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer. in 2025 55th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). European Microwave Conference, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), pp. 914-917, 55th European Microwave Conference, Utrecht, Netherlands, 23/09/25. https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066

Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer. / Brito-Brito, Zabdiel; Velazquez-Gonzalez, Jesus Salvador; Mira, Fermin et al.
2025 55th European Microwave Conference (EuMC). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2025. p. 914-917 (European Microwave Conference).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer

AU - Brito-Brito, Zabdiel

AU - Velazquez-Gonzalez, Jesus Salvador

AU - Mira, Fermin

AU - Wang, Yi

AU - Llamas-Garro, Ignacio

N1 - Conference code: 55

PY - 2025/11/19

Y1 - 2025/11/19

N2 - In this work, preliminary results regarding a radio frequency planar low-cost temperature sensor, with potential for integrated sensing and communications are described. The sensor is based on a ring resonator onto which a layer of PDMS is added as the sensor active layer, allowing resonant frequency shift according to varying temperature, since the dielectric constant of the PDMS changes when exposed to different temperatures. The combination of a ring resonator with a layer of PDMS on top allows the development of a thermal sensor using microwave signals, such as those used for communications. The resonant frequency changes at a rate of 1 MHz per degree Celsius. The resonant frequency of the ring resonator alone at room temperature was designed to resonate at 4 GHz. This work is proof of concept towards integrated sensing and communication components.

AB - In this work, preliminary results regarding a radio frequency planar low-cost temperature sensor, with potential for integrated sensing and communications are described. The sensor is based on a ring resonator onto which a layer of PDMS is added as the sensor active layer, allowing resonant frequency shift according to varying temperature, since the dielectric constant of the PDMS changes when exposed to different temperatures. The combination of a ring resonator with a layer of PDMS on top allows the development of a thermal sensor using microwave signals, such as those used for communications. The resonant frequency changes at a rate of 1 MHz per degree Celsius. The resonant frequency of the ring resonator alone at room temperature was designed to resonate at 4 GHz. This work is proof of concept towards integrated sensing and communication components.

KW - PDMS

KW - Ring Resonator

KW - Sensor

KW - temperature

KW - VNA

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105029588594

U2 - 10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066

DO - 10.23919/EuMC65286.2025.11235066

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105029588594

SN - 9798331512606

T3 - European Microwave Conference

SP - 914

EP - 917

BT - 2025 55th European Microwave Conference (EuMC)

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

T2 - 55th European Microwave Conference

Y2 - 23 September 2025 through 25 September 2025

ER -

Planar Low-Cost Microwave Ring Resonator Temperature Sensor Using a PDMS Active Layer

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Projects

6G-REFERENCE_HaRdware Enablers For CEll FRee CohEreNt Communications & SEnsing

Cite this