Pathogenic Cardiomyopathy-Associated Gene Variants and Prognosis in Atrial Fibrillation: Results in 18,000 Clinical Trial Participants

  • Sean J. Jurgens
  • , Giorgio E.M. Melloni
  • , Shinwan Kany
  • , Larissa Fabritz
  • , Joel T. Rämö
  • , Andreas Goette
  • , Frederick K. Kamanu
  • , David D. Berg
  • , Christina Magnussen
  • , Seung Hoan Choi
  • , Marc P. Bonaca
  • , Robert P. Giugliano
  • , Benjamin M. Scirica
  • , Stephen D. Wiviott
  • , Deepak L. Bhatt
  • , Philippe Gabriel Steg
  • , Itamar Raz
  • , Eugene Braunwald
  • , James P. Pirruccello
  • , Marc S. Sabatine
  • Nicholas A. Marston, Paulus Kirchhof, Patrick T. Ellinor, Christian T. Ruff*
*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background: Genetic variants in cardiomyopathy genes are associated with risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), although data on clinical outcomes for AF patients with such variants remain sparse. 

Objectives: We aimed to study the prognostic implication of rare cardiomyopathy-associated pathogenic variants (CMP-PLP) in AF patients from large, well-phenotyped clinical trials. 

Methods: CMP-PLP carriers were identified using exome sequencing in 5 multinational trials from the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction study group (ENGAGE AF, FOURIER, SAVOR, PEGASUS, and DECLARE), with replication in the EAST-AFNET-4 trial. Associations with centrally adjudicated outcomes were assessed using logistic and Cox regression, among patients with AF. Results: In 17,190 patients with a history of AF, we identified 421 (2.4%) CMP-PLP carriers. CMP-PLP variants were associated with a history of heart failure (HF) (OR: 1.66; P < 0.0001), most notably for dilated cardiomyopathy–associated variants. CMP-PLP variants were also associated with incident HF hospitalizations (HR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.34-2.29; P < 0.0001), most notably for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy variants. CMP-PLP variants were nominally associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.06-2.02; P = 0.02), driven mainly by dilated cardiomyopathy–associated variants. In contrast, CMP-PLP variants were not associated with prevalent (OR: 0.99; P = 0.96) or incident (HR: 0.95; P = 0.84) ischemic stroke, although anticoagulation use was high. In replication, among 1,479 EAST-AFNET-4 participants, CMP-PLP variants were also associated with prevalent HF and incident HF hospitalizations. 

Conclusions: In patients with AF, rare cardiomyopathy gene variants are associated with increased risks of HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular death, but not stroke. These results, collected from large well-phenotyped clinical trials, demonstrate important prognostic implications for cardiomyopathy-associated genetic variants in AF patients.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)738-753
Number of pages16
JournalJournal of the American College of Cardiology
Volume86
Issue number10
Early online date1 Sept 2025
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 9 Sept 2025

Keywords

  • atrial fibrillation
  • genetic testing
  • genetic variant
  • heart failure
  • outcomes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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