Abstract
Self-maintaining hematopoietic stem cells are a cell population that is primarily ‘at risk’ to malignant transformation, and the cell-of-origin for some leukemias. Tissue-specific stem cells replenish the different types of functional cells within a particular tissue to meet the demands of an organism. For hematopoietic stem cells, this flexibility is important to satisfy the changing requirements for a certain type of immune cell, when needed. From studies of the natural history of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia, an initial oncogenic and prenatal insult gives rise to a preleukemic clone. At least a second genomic insult is needed that gives rise to a leukemia stem cell: this cell generates a hierarchy of leukemia cells. For some leukemias, there is evidence to support the concept that one of the genomic insults leads to dysregulation of the tissue homeostatic role of hematopoietic stem cells so that the hierarchy of differentiating leukemia cells belongs to just one cell lineage. Restricting the expression of particular oncogenes in transgenic mice to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells led to different human-like lineage-restricted leukemias. Lineage restriction is seen for human leukemias by virtue of their sub-grouping with regard to a phenotypic relationship to just one cell lineage.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2293 |
Number of pages | 15 |
Journal | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
Volume | 23 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 18 Feb 2022 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Funding: G.B. received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 315902. G.B. was the coordinator of the Marie Curie Initial Training Network DECIDE.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Keywords
- Leukemia
- Lineage fate
- Oncogenes
- Stem cells
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Catalysis
- Molecular Biology
- Spectroscopy
- Computer Science Applications
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- Organic Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry