Old School Meets AI: Integrating Analogue and Artificial Intelligence in TESOL Practice

This chapter introduces the Integrated Analogue-AI Language Learning Model (IAALM) as a practice-informed framework for blending traditional analogue methods with artificial intelligence (AI) tools in TESOL. Drawing on classroom vignettes from Gulf universities, rural South Asia, and European higher education, it illustrates how practices like handwriting, print reading, and storytelling can be integrated with AI applications, including speech recognition, large language models (LLMs), and adaptive feedback systems. The model is grounded in embodied cognition, extended mind theory, and ecological learning. It highlights three pedagogical pillars: cognitive depth, adaptive reach, and pedagogical equity. The chapter identifies trends suggesting that hybrid practices enhance learner engagement, support retention, and offer scalable solutions across diverse contexts. Implications include the importance of teacher mediation, ethical safeguards for AI use, and further research into learning outcomes, access, and teacher identity in AI-integrated environments.