Nurses' and teachers' perceived barriers and facilitators to the uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination program in Iquitos, Peru: A qualitative study

Anna Clavé Llavall; Gilles de Wildt; Graciela Meza; Jasmine Tattsbridge; Laura Jones

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0255218

Nurses' and teachers' perceived barriers and facilitators to the uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination program in Iquitos, Peru: A qualitative study

Anna Clavé Llavall, Gilles de Wildt, Graciela Meza, Jasmine Tattsbridge, Laura Jones

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Abstract

Globally, over 300,000 women die of cervical cancer annually. Given that human papillomavirus vaccines are highly effective in the primary prevention of cervical cancer, it is important to explore the barriers and facilitators to vaccination uptake in areas where the burden of disease remains high. This study, informed by the socio-ecological model, aimed to qualitatively explore vaccination uptake via in-depth interviews with eleven nurses and ten teachers involved in vaccine delivery in Iquitos, Peru. The results highlighted that vaccine uptake was influenced by multiple factors including individuals' knowledge and attitudes, community beliefs, geography, and policy level variables. Findings suggested that professionals were informed and supportive of the HPV vaccination program but perceived that parents were uninformed about the vaccine. There is a need for community education programs, for a revision of the process of obtaining parental consent, for improved communication between professionals and for involvement of grassroots staff in policy making.

Original language	English
Article number	e0255218
Journal	PLoS ONE
Volume	16
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255218
Publication status	Published - 29 Jul 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The first author received awards from the Population Sciences and Humanities department (grant number FIN 7N, https://www.birmingham. ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/med/ publichealthpopulationsciencebmedscintercalateddegree.aspx) and the Sir Arthur Thomson Charitable Trust (grant number FIN 42 https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/activity/ mds/icat/undergraduate/index.aspx), both at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Clavé Llavall et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1371/journal.pone.0255218Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

ClavéLlavallA2021Nurses
Clavé Llavall A, de Wildt G, Meza G, Tattsbridge J, Jones L (2021) Nurses’ and teachers’ perceived barriers and facilitators to the uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination program in Iquitos, Peru: A qualitative study. PLoS ONE 16(7): e0255218. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255218
Final published version, 685 KBLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

Cite this

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title = "Nurses' and teachers' perceived barriers and facilitators to the uptake of the Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination program in Iquitos, Peru: A qualitative study",

abstract = "Globally, over 300,000 women die of cervical cancer annually. Given that human papillomavirus vaccines are highly effective in the primary prevention of cervical cancer, it is important to explore the barriers and facilitators to vaccination uptake in areas where the burden of disease remains high. This study, informed by the socio-ecological model, aimed to qualitatively explore vaccination uptake via in-depth interviews with eleven nurses and ten teachers involved in vaccine delivery in Iquitos, Peru. The results highlighted that vaccine uptake was influenced by multiple factors including individuals' knowledge and attitudes, community beliefs, geography, and policy level variables. Findings suggested that professionals were informed and supportive of the HPV vaccination program but perceived that parents were uninformed about the vaccine. There is a need for community education programs, for a revision of the process of obtaining parental consent, for improved communication between professionals and for involvement of grassroots staff in policy making.",

author = "{Clav{\'e} Llavall}, Anna and {de Wildt}, Gilles and Graciela Meza and Jasmine Tattsbridge and Laura Jones",

note = "Funding Information: The first author received awards from the Population Sciences and Humanities department (grant number FIN 7N, https://www.birmingham. ac.uk/undergraduate/courses/med/ publichealthpopulationsciencebmedscintercalateddegree.aspx) and the Sir Arthur Thomson Charitable Trust (grant number FIN 42 https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/activity/ mds/icat/undergraduate/index.aspx), both at the University of Birmingham, United Kingdom. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Clav{\'e} Llavall et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",

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