Abstract
Emerging hepatic models for the study of drug-induced toxicity include pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) and complex hepatocyte-non-parenchymal cellular coculture to mimic the complex multicellular interactions that recapitulate the niche environment in the human liver. However, a specific marker of hepatocyte perturbation, required to discriminate hepatocyte damage from non-specific cellular toxicity contributed by non-hepatocyte cell types or immature differentiated cells is currently lacking, as the cytotoxicity assays routinely used in in vitro toxicology research depend on intracellular molecules which are ubiquitously present in all eukaryotic cell types. In this study, we demonstrate that microRNA-122 (miR-122) detection in cell culture media can be used as a hepatocyte-enriched in vitro marker of druginduced toxicity in homogeneous cultures of hepatic cells, and a cell-specific marker of toxicity of hepatic cells in heterogeneous cultures such as HLCs generated from various differentiation protocols and pluripotent stem cell lines, where conventional cytotoxicity assays using generic cellular markers may not be appropriate. We show that the sensitivity of the miR-122 cytotoxicity assay is similar to conventional assays that measure lactate dehydrogenase activity and intracellular adenosine triphosphate when applied in hepatic models with high levels of intracellular miR-122, and can be multiplexed with other assays. MiR-122 as a biomarker also has the potential to bridge results in in vitro experiments to in vivo animal models and human samples using the same assay, and to link findings from clinical studies in determining the relevance of in vitro models being developed for the study of drug-induced liver injury.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 173-185 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | Toxicological Sciences |
Volume | 144 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Mar 2015 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:Funded by the Stem Cells for Safer Medicines (SC4SM) and supported by the Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Drug Safety Science (grant number G0700654). R.K. is a Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Training Fellow supported by the North West England MRC Fellowship Scheme in Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, which is funded by the Medical Research Council (grant number G1000417/94909), ICON, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, and the Medical Evaluation Unit. R.L.C.S-Y. is funded by the Innovative Medicines Initiative MIP-DILI programme (grant agreement number 115336). J.A.H. is jointly funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council of UK and AstraZeneca. N.A.H. is funded by the Wellcome Trust.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author 2014.
Keywords
- Bridging biomarker
- Cell-specific biomarker
- Cytotoxicity
- Drug-induced liver injury
- Hepatocytes
- In vitro model
- microRNA
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Toxicology