Meiotic chromosome axis remodelling is critical for meiotic recombination in Brassica rapa

Maria Cuacos, Christophe Lambing, Miguel Pachon Penalba, Kim Osman, Susan Armstrong, Ian Henderson, Eugenio Sanchez-Moran, Chris Franklin, Stefan Heckmann

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Abstract

Meiosis generates genetic variation through homologous recombination (HR) that is harnessed during breeding. HR occurs in the context of meiotic chromosome axes and the synaptonemal complex. To study the role of axis remodelling in crossover (CO) formation in a crop species, we characterized mutants of the axis-associated protein ASY1 and the axis-remodelling protein PCH2 in Brassica rapa. asy1 plants form meiotic chromosome axes that fail to synapse. CO formation is almost abolished, and residual chiasmata are proportionally enriched in terminal chromosome regions, particularly in the nucleolar organizing region (NOR)-carrying chromosome arm. pch2 plants show impaired ASY1 loading and remodelling, consequently achieving only partial synapsis, which leads to reduced CO formation and loss of the obligatory CO. PCH2-independent chiasmata are proportionally enriched towards distal chromosome regions. Similarly, in Arabidopsis pch2, COs are increased towards telomeric regions at the expense of (peri-) centromeric COs compared with the wild type. Taken together, in B. rapa, axis formation and remodelling are critical for meiotic fidelity including synapsis and CO formation, and in asy1 and pch2 CO distributions are altered. While asy1 plants are sterile, pch2 plants are semi-sterile and thus PCH2 could be an interesting target for breeding programmes.
Original languageEnglish
Article numbererab035
Pages (from-to)3012-3027
JournalJournal of Experimental Botany
Volume2021
Issue number00
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 27 Jan 2021

Keywords

  • ASY1
  • Brassica rapa
  • PCH2
  • crossover
  • meiosis
  • meiotic chromosome axis remodelling
  • meiotic recombination
  • synaptonemal complex

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