Abstract
BACKGROUND: Annexin V binding to platelets (PLTs) is considered the gold standard for monitoring phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure. However, recent comparison of annexin V with the new calcium-independent PS probe lactadherin revealed that annexin V requires a certain threshold of PS exposure (2%-8%) for binding to occur. The aim of this study was to compare annexin V and lactadherin labeling of PLTs in PLT concentrates (PCs).
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Optimal labeling conditions for lactadherin and annexin V were established and then compared in either resting or calcium ionophore (CI)-activated PLTs from normal whole blood. Furthermore, 40 PCs (20 apheresis-derived and 20 pooled buffy coat-derived) were stored under standard blood bank conditions and PLT activation was monitored by measuring PS exposure with annexin V and lactadherin along with CD42b, CD61, and CD62P by flow cytometry on Days 1, 3, 5, and 7.
RESULTS: Lactadherin reported a higher exposure of PS than did annexin V in normal PLTs at submaximal doses of CI. PLTs from both types of concentrate, as expected, demonstrated evidence of increased activation during storage using annexin V, lactadherin, CD42b, or CD62P. However, a significantly higher percentage of PS-positive PLTs was found with lactadherin than annexin V.
CONCLUSION: PS exposure on the surface of stored PLTs has been previously underestimated due to the wide use of annexin V. Lactadherin provides a truer reflection of the degree of PS exposure and offers a new calcium-independent approach to studying PLT activation and/or apoptosis.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 99-107 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | Transfusion |
Volume | 49 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Jan 2009 |
Keywords
- Annexin A5
- Antigens, Surface
- Blood Platelets
- Humans
- Integrin beta3
- Milk Proteins
- Molecular Probes
- P-Selectin
- Phosphatidylserines
- Platelet Activation
- Platelet Glycoprotein GPIb-IX Complex
- Preservation, Biological
- Protein Binding