Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study

Giuseppe Citerio; Chiara Robba; Paola Rebora; Matteo Petrosino; Eleonora Rossi; Letterio Malgeri; Nino Stocchetti; Stefania Galimberti; David K Menon; CENTER-TBI Participants and Investigators

doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06470-7

Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study

Giuseppe Citerio, Chiara Robba, Paola Rebora, Matteo Petrosino, Eleonora Rossi, Letterio Malgeri, Nino Stocchetti, Stefania Galimberti, David K Menon, CENTER-TBI Participants and Investigators

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Abstract

PURPOSE: To describe the management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in severe traumatic brain-injured (TBI) patients, and the optimal target of PaCO2 in patients with high intracranial pressure (ICP).

METHODS: Secondary analysis of CENTER-TBI, a multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study. The primary aim was to describe current practice in PaCO2 management during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) after TBI, focusing on the lowest PaCO2 values. We also assessed PaCO2 management in patients with and without ICP monitoring (ICPm), and with and without intracranial hypertension. We evaluated the effect of profound hyperventilation (defined as PaCO2 < 30 mmHg) on long-term outcome.

RESULTS: We included 1100 patients, with a total of 11,791 measurements of PaCO2 (5931 lowest and 5860 highest daily values). The mean (± SD) PaCO2 was 38.9 (± 5.2) mmHg, and the mean minimum PaCO2 was 35.2 (± 5.3) mmHg. Mean daily minimum PaCO2 values were significantly lower in the ICPm group (34.5 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Daily PaCO2 nadir was lower in patients with intracranial hypertension (33.8 vs 35.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Considerable heterogeneity was observed between centers. Management in a centre using profound hyperventilation (HV) more frequently was not associated with increased 6 months mortality (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.77-1.45, p value = 0.7166), or unfavourable neurological outcome (OR 1.12, 95% CI = 0.90-1.38, p value = 0.3138).

CONCLUSIONS: Ventilation is manipulated differently among centers and in response to intracranial dynamics. PaCO2 tends to be lower in patients with ICP monitoring, especially if ICP is increased. Being in a centre which more frequently uses profound hyperventilation does not affect patient outcomes.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1-13
Number of pages	13
Journal	Intensive Care Medicine
Volume	2021
Issue number	9
Early online date	24 Jul 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06470-7
Publication status	E-pub ahead of print - 24 Jul 2021
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding information: Open access funding provided by Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. The Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Efectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI study, registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT02210221) was funded by the FW7 program of the European Union (602150). Additional funding was obtained from the Hannelore Kohl Stiftung (Germany), from OneMind (USA) and Integra LifeSciences Corporation (USA). The funder had no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or in writing the manuscript.

Keywords

carbon dioxide
hyperventilation
intracranial pressure
outcome
traumatic brain injury

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Citerio, G., Robba, C., Rebora, P., Petrosino, M., Rossi, E., Malgeri, L., Stocchetti, N., Galimberti, S., Menon, D. K., & CENTER-TBI Participants and Investigators (2021). Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study. Intensive Care Medicine, 2021(9), 1-13. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06470-7

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title = "Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study",

abstract = "PURPOSE: To describe the management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in severe traumatic brain-injured (TBI) patients, and the optimal target of PaCO2 in patients with high intracranial pressure (ICP).METHODS: Secondary analysis of CENTER-TBI, a multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study. The primary aim was to describe current practice in PaCO2 management during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) after TBI, focusing on the lowest PaCO2 values. We also assessed PaCO2 management in patients with and without ICP monitoring (ICPm), and with and without intracranial hypertension. We evaluated the effect of profound hyperventilation (defined as PaCO2 < 30 mmHg) on long-term outcome.RESULTS: We included 1100 patients, with a total of 11,791 measurements of PaCO2 (5931 lowest and 5860 highest daily values). The mean (± SD) PaCO2 was 38.9 (± 5.2) mmHg, and the mean minimum PaCO2 was 35.2 (± 5.3) mmHg. Mean daily minimum PaCO2 values were significantly lower in the ICPm group (34.5 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Daily PaCO2 nadir was lower in patients with intracranial hypertension (33.8 vs 35.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Considerable heterogeneity was observed between centers. Management in a centre using profound hyperventilation (HV) more frequently was not associated with increased 6 months mortality (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.77-1.45, p value = 0.7166), or unfavourable neurological outcome (OR 1.12, 95% CI = 0.90-1.38, p value = 0.3138).CONCLUSIONS: Ventilation is manipulated differently among centers and in response to intracranial dynamics. PaCO2 tends to be lower in patients with ICP monitoring, especially if ICP is increased. Being in a centre which more frequently uses profound hyperventilation does not affect patient outcomes.",

keywords = "carbon dioxide, hyperventilation, intracranial pressure, outcome, traumatic brain injury",

author = "Giuseppe Citerio and Chiara Robba and Paola Rebora and Matteo Petrosino and Eleonora Rossi and Letterio Malgeri and Nino Stocchetti and Stefania Galimberti and Menon, {David K} and {CENTER-TBI Participants and Investigators}",

note = "Funding information: Open access funding provided by Universit{\`a} degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. The Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Efectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI study, registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT02210221) was funded by the FW7 program of the European Union (602150). Additional funding was obtained from the Hannelore Kohl Stiftung (Germany), from OneMind (USA) and Integra LifeSciences Corporation (USA). The funder had no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or in writing the manuscript.",

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doi = "10.1007/s00134-021-06470-7",

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Citerio, G, Robba, C, Rebora, P, Petrosino, M, Rossi, E, Malgeri, L, Stocchetti, N, Galimberti, S, Menon, DK & CENTER-TBI Participants and Investigators 2021, 'Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study', Intensive Care Medicine, vol. 2021, no. 9, pp. 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-021-06470-7

TY - JOUR

T1 - Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury

T2 - results from the CENTER-TBI study

AU - Citerio, Giuseppe

AU - Robba, Chiara

AU - Rebora, Paola

AU - Petrosino, Matteo

AU - Rossi, Eleonora

AU - Malgeri, Letterio

AU - Stocchetti, Nino

AU - Galimberti, Stefania

AU - Menon, David K

AU - CENTER-TBI Participants and Investigators

N1 - Funding information: Open access funding provided by Università degli Studi di Milano - Bicocca within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. The Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Efectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI study, registered at clinicaltrials.gov NCT02210221) was funded by the FW7 program of the European Union (602150). Additional funding was obtained from the Hannelore Kohl Stiftung (Germany), from OneMind (USA) and Integra LifeSciences Corporation (USA). The funder had no role in the design of the study, the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, or in writing the manuscript.

PY - 2021/7/24

Y1 - 2021/7/24

N2 - PURPOSE: To describe the management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in severe traumatic brain-injured (TBI) patients, and the optimal target of PaCO2 in patients with high intracranial pressure (ICP).METHODS: Secondary analysis of CENTER-TBI, a multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study. The primary aim was to describe current practice in PaCO2 management during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) after TBI, focusing on the lowest PaCO2 values. We also assessed PaCO2 management in patients with and without ICP monitoring (ICPm), and with and without intracranial hypertension. We evaluated the effect of profound hyperventilation (defined as PaCO2 < 30 mmHg) on long-term outcome.RESULTS: We included 1100 patients, with a total of 11,791 measurements of PaCO2 (5931 lowest and 5860 highest daily values). The mean (± SD) PaCO2 was 38.9 (± 5.2) mmHg, and the mean minimum PaCO2 was 35.2 (± 5.3) mmHg. Mean daily minimum PaCO2 values were significantly lower in the ICPm group (34.5 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Daily PaCO2 nadir was lower in patients with intracranial hypertension (33.8 vs 35.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Considerable heterogeneity was observed between centers. Management in a centre using profound hyperventilation (HV) more frequently was not associated with increased 6 months mortality (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.77-1.45, p value = 0.7166), or unfavourable neurological outcome (OR 1.12, 95% CI = 0.90-1.38, p value = 0.3138).CONCLUSIONS: Ventilation is manipulated differently among centers and in response to intracranial dynamics. PaCO2 tends to be lower in patients with ICP monitoring, especially if ICP is increased. Being in a centre which more frequently uses profound hyperventilation does not affect patient outcomes.

AB - PURPOSE: To describe the management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) in severe traumatic brain-injured (TBI) patients, and the optimal target of PaCO2 in patients with high intracranial pressure (ICP).METHODS: Secondary analysis of CENTER-TBI, a multicentre, prospective, observational, cohort study. The primary aim was to describe current practice in PaCO2 management during the first week of intensive care unit (ICU) after TBI, focusing on the lowest PaCO2 values. We also assessed PaCO2 management in patients with and without ICP monitoring (ICPm), and with and without intracranial hypertension. We evaluated the effect of profound hyperventilation (defined as PaCO2 < 30 mmHg) on long-term outcome.RESULTS: We included 1100 patients, with a total of 11,791 measurements of PaCO2 (5931 lowest and 5860 highest daily values). The mean (± SD) PaCO2 was 38.9 (± 5.2) mmHg, and the mean minimum PaCO2 was 35.2 (± 5.3) mmHg. Mean daily minimum PaCO2 values were significantly lower in the ICPm group (34.5 vs 36.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Daily PaCO2 nadir was lower in patients with intracranial hypertension (33.8 vs 35.7 mmHg, p < 0.001). Considerable heterogeneity was observed between centers. Management in a centre using profound hyperventilation (HV) more frequently was not associated with increased 6 months mortality (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = 0.77-1.45, p value = 0.7166), or unfavourable neurological outcome (OR 1.12, 95% CI = 0.90-1.38, p value = 0.3138).CONCLUSIONS: Ventilation is manipulated differently among centers and in response to intracranial dynamics. PaCO2 tends to be lower in patients with ICP monitoring, especially if ICP is increased. Being in a centre which more frequently uses profound hyperventilation does not affect patient outcomes.

KW - carbon dioxide

KW - hyperventilation

KW - intracranial pressure

KW - outcome

KW - traumatic brain injury

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DO - 10.1007/s00134-021-06470-7

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C2 - 34302517

SN - 0342-4642

VL - 2021

SP - 1

EP - 13

JO - Intensive Care Medicine

JF - Intensive Care Medicine

IS - 9

ER -

Management of arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the first week after traumatic brain injury: results from the CENTER-TBI study

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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