Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies

I. Irani; S. J. Prentice; S. Schulze; A. Gal-Yam; Jacob Teffs; Paolo Mazzali; J. Sollerman; E. P. Gonzalez; K. Taggart; Kishalay De; Christoffer Fremling; Daniel A. Perley; Nora L. Strotjohann; Mansi M. Kasliwal; A. Howell; S. Dhawan; Anastasios Tzanidakis; Daichi Hiramatsu; Erik C. Kool; J. P. Anderson; T. E. Müller-Bravo; Richard Dekany; Mariusz Gromadzki; Roberta Carini; L. Galbany; Andrew J. Drake; Jamison Burke; Craig Pellegrino; Massimo Della Valle; Michael S. Medford; Ben Rusholme; D. R. Young; Claudia P. Gutiérrez; Cosimo Inserra; Rafia Omer; David L. Shupe; T. W. Chen; Kyung Min Shin; Ofer Yaron; Curtis McCully; Matt Nicholl; Reed Riddle

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709

Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies

I. Irani^*, S. J. Prentice, S. Schulze, A. Gal-Yam, Jacob Teffs, Paolo Mazzali, J. Sollerman, E. P. Gonzalez, K. Taggart, Kishalay De, Christoffer Fremling, Daniel A. Perley, Nora L. Strotjohann, Mansi M. Kasliwal, A. Howell, S. Dhawan, Anastasios Tzanidakis, Daichi Hiramatsu, Erik C. Kool, J. P. AndersonT. E. Müller-Bravo, Richard Dekany, Mariusz Gromadzki, Roberta Carini, L. Galbany, Andrew J. Drake, Jamison Burke, Craig Pellegrino, Massimo Della Valle, Michael S. Medford, Ben Rusholme, D. R. Young, Claudia P. Gutiérrez, Cosimo Inserra, Rafia Omer, David L. Shupe, T. W. Chen, Kyung Min Shin, Ofer Yaron, Curtis McCully, Matt Nicholl, Reed Riddle

^*Corresponding author for this work

Physics and Astronomy

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

44 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

We present observations of three core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) in elliptical hosts, detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (BTS). SN 2019ape is a SN Ic that exploded in the main body of a typical elliptical galaxy. Its properties are consistent with an explosion of a regular SN Ic progenitor. A secondary g-band light-curve peak could indicate interaction of the ejecta with circumstellar material (CSM). An Hα-emitting source at the explosion site suggests a residual local star formation origin. SN 2018fsh and SN 2020uik are SNe II which exploded in the outskirts of elliptical galaxies. SN 2020uik shows typical spectra for SNe II, while SN 2018fsh shows a boxy nebular Hα profile, a signature of CSM interaction. We combine these 3 SNe with 7 events from the literature and analyze their hosts as a sample. We present multi-wavelength photometry of the hosts, and compare this to archival photometry of all BTS hosts. Using the spectroscopically complete BTS, we conclude that 0.3%-0.1+0.3 of all CCSNe occur in elliptical galaxies. We derive star formation rates and stellar masses for the host galaxies and compare them to the properties of other SN hosts. We show that CCSNe in ellipticals have larger physical separations from their hosts compared to SNe Ia in elliptical galaxies, and discuss implications for star-forming activity in elliptical galaxies.

Original language	English
Article number	10
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	927
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709
Publication status	Published - 2 Mar 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:

A.G.Y.'s research is supported by the EU via ERC grant No. 725161, the ISF GW excellence center, an IMOS space infrastructure grant, and BSF/Transformative and GIF grants, as well as The Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science, the Deloro Institute for Advanced Research in Space and Optics, The Veronika A. Rabl Physics Discretionary Fund, Minerva, Yeda-Sela and the Schwartz/Reisman Collaborative Science Program; A.G.Y. is the incumbent of The Arlyn Imberman Professorial Chair. NLS is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via the Walter Benjamin program461903330. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Foscgui is a graphic user interface aimed at extracting SN spectroscopy and photometry obtained with FOSC-like instruments. It was developed by E. Cappellaro. A package description can be found at http://sngroup.oapd.inaf.it/foscgui.html. This work is based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48 inch and the 60 inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1440341 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, the University of Washington, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, Los Alamos National Laboratories, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW. Based on observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory network. The LCO team is supported by NSF grants AST-1911225 and AST-1911151 The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Partly based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. The SED Machine is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1106171. The ZTF forced-photometry service was funded under the Heising-Simons Foundation grant #12540303 (PI: Graham). The Legacy Surveys consist of three individual and complementary projects: the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS; Proposal ID #2014B-0404; PIs: David Schlegel and Arjun Dey), the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS; NOAO Prop. ID #2015A-0801; PIs: Zhou Xu and Xiaohui Fan), and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS; Prop. ID #2016A-0453; PI: Arjun Dey). DECaLS, BASS and MzLS together include data obtained, respectively, at the Blanco telescope, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's NOIRLab; the Bok telescope, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona; and the Mayall telescope, Kitt Peak National Observatory, NOIRLab. The Legacy Surveys project is honored to be permitted to conduct astronomical research on Iolkam Du'ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O'odham Nation. BASS is a key project of the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which has been funded by the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Strategic Priority Research Program The Emergence of Cosmological Structures Grant # XDB09000000), and the Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance. The BASS is also supported by the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant # 114A11KYSB20160057), and Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (Grant # 11433005) This project has made use of data products from the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. NEOWISE is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile, as part of ePESSTO/ePESSTO+ (the extended Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) under ESO programmes 199.D-0143,1103.D-0328,106.216C.001/007,106.216C.002/008& 106.216C.003/009. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (DOI:10.26093/cds/vizier). The original description of the VizieR service was published in 2000, A&AS 143, 23 This work has made use of data from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project. ATLAS is primarily funded to search for near Earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G, 80NSSC18K0284, and 80NSSC18K1575; by products of the NEO search include images and catalogs from the survey area. The ATLAS science products have been made possible through the contributions of the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, the Queen's University Belfast, and the Space Telescope Science Institute. TMB was funded by the CONICYT PFCHA/DOCTORADOBECAS CHILE/2017-72180113. MN is supported by a Royal Astronomical Society Research Fellowship and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 948381 M.M.K. acknowledges generous support from the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. This work was supported by the GROWTH Marshal (Kasliwal et al. 2019) developed as part of the GROWTH (Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen) project funded by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1545949. M.G. is supported by the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101004719. L.G. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ramón y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00. T.-W.C. acknowledges the EU Funding under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant H2020-MSCA-IF-2018-842471. E.C.K. acknowledges support from the G.R.E.A.T research environment funded by Vetenskapsrådet, the Swedish Research Council, under project number 2016-06012, and support from The Wenner-Gren Foundations. L.G. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ramón y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00.

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Access to Document

10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709Licence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

IraniI2022LessFinal published version, 4.91 MBLicence: Creative Commons: Attribution (CC BY)

Cite this

Irani, I., Prentice, S. J., Schulze, S., Gal-Yam, A., Teffs, J., Mazzali, P., Sollerman, J., Gonzalez, E. P., Taggart, K., De, K., Fremling, C., Perley, D. A., Strotjohann, N. L., Kasliwal, M. M., Howell, A., Dhawan, S., Tzanidakis, A., Hiramatsu, D., Kool, E. C., ... Riddle, R. (2022). Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies. Astrophysical Journal, 927(1), Article 10. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709

@article{8265abbf58fa4ed8b6624d6ffe61d1b9,

title = "Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies",

abstract = "We present observations of three core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) in elliptical hosts, detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (BTS). SN 2019ape is a SN Ic that exploded in the main body of a typical elliptical galaxy. Its properties are consistent with an explosion of a regular SN Ic progenitor. A secondary g-band light-curve peak could indicate interaction of the ejecta with circumstellar material (CSM). An Hα-emitting source at the explosion site suggests a residual local star formation origin. SN 2018fsh and SN 2020uik are SNe II which exploded in the outskirts of elliptical galaxies. SN 2020uik shows typical spectra for SNe II, while SN 2018fsh shows a boxy nebular Hα profile, a signature of CSM interaction. We combine these 3 SNe with 7 events from the literature and analyze their hosts as a sample. We present multi-wavelength photometry of the hosts, and compare this to archival photometry of all BTS hosts. Using the spectroscopically complete BTS, we conclude that 0.3%-0.1+0.3 of all CCSNe occur in elliptical galaxies. We derive star formation rates and stellar masses for the host galaxies and compare them to the properties of other SN hosts. We show that CCSNe in ellipticals have larger physical separations from their hosts compared to SNe Ia in elliptical galaxies, and discuss implications for star-forming activity in elliptical galaxies. ",

author = "I. Irani and Prentice, {S. J.} and S. Schulze and A. Gal-Yam and Jacob Teffs and Paolo Mazzali and J. Sollerman and Gonzalez, {E. P.} and K. Taggart and Kishalay De and Christoffer Fremling and Perley, {Daniel A.} and Strotjohann, {Nora L.} and Kasliwal, {Mansi M.} and A. Howell and S. Dhawan and Anastasios Tzanidakis and Daichi Hiramatsu and Kool, {Erik C.} and Anderson, {J. P.} and M{\"u}ller-Bravo, {T. E.} and Richard Dekany and Mariusz Gromadzki and Roberta Carini and L. Galbany and Drake, {Andrew J.} and Jamison Burke and Craig Pellegrino and {Della Valle}, Massimo and Medford, {Michael S.} and Ben Rusholme and Young, {D. R.} and Guti{\'e}rrez, {Claudia P.} and Cosimo Inserra and Rafia Omer and Shupe, {David L.} and Chen, {T. W.} and Shin, {Kyung Min} and Ofer Yaron and Curtis McCully and Matt Nicholl and Reed Riddle",

note = "Funding Information: A.G.Y.'s research is supported by the EU via ERC grant No. 725161, the ISF GW excellence center, an IMOS space infrastructure grant, and BSF/Transformative and GIF grants, as well as The Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science, the Deloro Institute for Advanced Research in Space and Optics, The Veronika A. Rabl Physics Discretionary Fund, Minerva, Yeda-Sela and the Schwartz/Reisman Collaborative Science Program; A.G.Y. is the incumbent of The Arlyn Imberman Professorial Chair. NLS is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via the Walter Benjamin program461903330. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Foscgui is a graphic user interface aimed at extracting SN spectroscopy and photometry obtained with FOSC-like instruments. It was developed by E. Cappellaro. A package description can be found at http://sngroup.oapd.inaf.it/foscgui.html. This work is based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48 inch and the 60 inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1440341 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, the University of Washington, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, Los Alamos National Laboratories, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW. Based on observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory network. The LCO team is supported by NSF grants AST-1911225 and AST-1911151 The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Partly based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrof{\'i}sica de Canarias. The SED Machine is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1106171. The ZTF forced-photometry service was funded under the Heising-Simons Foundation grant #12540303 (PI: Graham). The Legacy Surveys consist of three individual and complementary projects: the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS; Proposal ID #2014B-0404; PIs: David Schlegel and Arjun Dey), the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS; NOAO Prop. ID #2015A-0801; PIs: Zhou Xu and Xiaohui Fan), and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS; Prop. ID #2016A-0453; PI: Arjun Dey). DECaLS, BASS and MzLS together include data obtained, respectively, at the Blanco telescope, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's NOIRLab; the Bok telescope, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona; and the Mayall telescope, Kitt Peak National Observatory, NOIRLab. The Legacy Surveys project is honored to be permitted to conduct astronomical research on Iolkam Du'ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O'odham Nation. BASS is a key project of the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which has been funded by the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Strategic Priority Research Program The Emergence of Cosmological Structures Grant # XDB09000000), and the Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance. The BASS is also supported by the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant # 114A11KYSB20160057), and Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (Grant # 11433005) This project has made use of data products from the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. NEOWISE is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile, as part of ePESSTO/ePESSTO+ (the extended Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) under ESO programmes 199.D-0143,1103.D-0328,106.216C.001/007,106.216C.002/008& 106.216C.003/009. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (DOI:10.26093/cds/vizier). The original description of the VizieR service was published in 2000, A&AS 143, 23 This work has made use of data from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project. ATLAS is primarily funded to search for near Earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G, 80NSSC18K0284, and 80NSSC18K1575; by products of the NEO search include images and catalogs from the survey area. The ATLAS science products have been made possible through the contributions of the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, the Queen's University Belfast, and the Space Telescope Science Institute. TMB was funded by the CONICYT PFCHA/DOCTORADOBECAS CHILE/2017-72180113. MN is supported by a Royal Astronomical Society Research Fellowship and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 948381 M.M.K. acknowledges generous support from the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. This work was supported by the GROWTH Marshal (Kasliwal et al. 2019) developed as part of the GROWTH (Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen) project funded by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1545949. M.G. is supported by the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101004719. L.G. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ram{\'o}n y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00. T.-W.C. acknowledges the EU Funding under Marie Sk{\l}odowska-Curie grant H2020-MSCA-IF-2018-842471. E.C.K. acknowledges support from the G.R.E.A.T research environment funded by Vetenskapsr{\aa}det, the Swedish Research Council, under project number 2016-06012, and support from The Wenner-Gren Foundations. L.G. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ram{\'o}n y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00.",

year = "2022",

month = mar,

day = "2",

doi = "10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709",

language = "English",

volume = "927",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd",

number = "1",

}

Irani, I, Prentice, SJ, Schulze, S, Gal-Yam, A, Teffs, J, Mazzali, P, Sollerman, J, Gonzalez, EP, Taggart, K, De, K, Fremling, C, Perley, DA, Strotjohann, NL, Kasliwal, MM, Howell, A, Dhawan, S, Tzanidakis, A, Hiramatsu, D, Kool, EC, Anderson, JP, Müller-Bravo, TE, Dekany, R, Gromadzki, M, Carini, R, Galbany, L, Drake, AJ, Burke, J, Pellegrino, C, Della Valle, M, Medford, MS, Rusholme, B, Young, DR, Gutiérrez, CP, Inserra, C, Omer, R, Shupe, DL, Chen, TW, Shin, KM, Yaron, O, McCully, C, Nicholl, M & Riddle, R 2022, 'Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 927, no. 1, 10. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709

TY - JOUR

T1 - Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies

AU - Irani, I.

AU - Prentice, S. J.

AU - Schulze, S.

AU - Gal-Yam, A.

AU - Teffs, Jacob

AU - Mazzali, Paolo

AU - Sollerman, J.

AU - Gonzalez, E. P.

AU - Taggart, K.

AU - De, Kishalay

AU - Fremling, Christoffer

AU - Perley, Daniel A.

AU - Strotjohann, Nora L.

AU - Kasliwal, Mansi M.

AU - Howell, A.

AU - Dhawan, S.

AU - Tzanidakis, Anastasios

AU - Hiramatsu, Daichi

AU - Kool, Erik C.

AU - Anderson, J. P.

AU - Müller-Bravo, T. E.

AU - Dekany, Richard

AU - Gromadzki, Mariusz

AU - Carini, Roberta

AU - Galbany, L.

AU - Drake, Andrew J.

AU - Burke, Jamison

AU - Pellegrino, Craig

AU - Della Valle, Massimo

AU - Medford, Michael S.

AU - Rusholme, Ben

AU - Young, D. R.

AU - Gutiérrez, Claudia P.

AU - Inserra, Cosimo

AU - Omer, Rafia

AU - Shupe, David L.

AU - Chen, T. W.

AU - Shin, Kyung Min

AU - Yaron, Ofer

AU - McCully, Curtis

AU - Nicholl, Matt

AU - Riddle, Reed

N1 - Funding Information: A.G.Y.'s research is supported by the EU via ERC grant No. 725161, the ISF GW excellence center, an IMOS space infrastructure grant, and BSF/Transformative and GIF grants, as well as The Benoziyo Endowment Fund for the Advancement of Science, the Deloro Institute for Advanced Research in Space and Optics, The Veronika A. Rabl Physics Discretionary Fund, Minerva, Yeda-Sela and the Schwartz/Reisman Collaborative Science Program; A.G.Y. is the incumbent of The Arlyn Imberman Professorial Chair. NLS is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) via the Walter Benjamin program461903330. This research has made use of the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED), which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Foscgui is a graphic user interface aimed at extracting SN spectroscopy and photometry obtained with FOSC-like instruments. It was developed by E. Cappellaro. A package description can be found at http://sngroup.oapd.inaf.it/foscgui.html. This work is based on observations obtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48 inch and the 60 inch Telescope at the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient Facility project. ZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. AST-1440341 and a collaboration including Caltech, IPAC, the Weizmann Institute for Science, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University of Maryland, the University of Washington, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron and Humboldt University, Los Alamos National Laboratories, the TANGO Consortium of Taiwan, the University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee, and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. Operations are conducted by COO, IPAC, and UW. Based on observations from the Las Cumbres Observatory network. The LCO team is supported by NSF grants AST-1911225 and AST-1911151 The Liverpool Telescope is operated on the island of La Palma by Liverpool John Moores University in the Spanish Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos of the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias with financial support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council. Partly based on observations made with the Nordic Optical Telescope, operated at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos, La Palma, Spain, of the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias. The SED Machine is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1106171. The ZTF forced-photometry service was funded under the Heising-Simons Foundation grant #12540303 (PI: Graham). The Legacy Surveys consist of three individual and complementary projects: the Dark Energy Camera Legacy Survey (DECaLS; Proposal ID #2014B-0404; PIs: David Schlegel and Arjun Dey), the Beijing-Arizona Sky Survey (BASS; NOAO Prop. ID #2015A-0801; PIs: Zhou Xu and Xiaohui Fan), and the Mayall z-band Legacy Survey (MzLS; Prop. ID #2016A-0453; PI: Arjun Dey). DECaLS, BASS and MzLS together include data obtained, respectively, at the Blanco telescope, Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory, NSF's NOIRLab; the Bok telescope, Steward Observatory, University of Arizona; and the Mayall telescope, Kitt Peak National Observatory, NOIRLab. The Legacy Surveys project is honored to be permitted to conduct astronomical research on Iolkam Du'ag (Kitt Peak), a mountain with particular significance to the Tohono O'odham Nation. BASS is a key project of the Telescope Access Program (TAP), which has been funded by the National Astronomical Observatories of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (the Strategic Priority Research Program The Emergence of Cosmological Structures Grant # XDB09000000), and the Special Fund for Astronomy from the Ministry of Finance. The BASS is also supported by the External Cooperation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant # 114A11KYSB20160057), and Chinese National Natural Science Foundation (Grant # 11433005) This project has made use of data products from the Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (NEOWISE), which is a project of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology. NEOWISE is funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere, Chile, as part of ePESSTO/ePESSTO+ (the extended Public ESO Spectroscopic Survey for Transient Objects Survey) under ESO programmes 199.D-0143,1103.D-0328,106.216C.001/007,106.216C.002/008& 106.216C.003/009. This research has made use of the VizieR catalog access tool, CDS, Strasbourg, France (DOI:10.26093/cds/vizier). The original description of the VizieR service was published in 2000, A&AS 143, 23 This work has made use of data from the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) project. ATLAS is primarily funded to search for near Earth asteroids through NASA grants NN12AR55G, 80NSSC18K0284, and 80NSSC18K1575; by products of the NEO search include images and catalogs from the survey area. The ATLAS science products have been made possible through the contributions of the University of Hawaii Institute for Astronomy, the Queen's University Belfast, and the Space Telescope Science Institute. TMB was funded by the CONICYT PFCHA/DOCTORADOBECAS CHILE/2017-72180113. MN is supported by a Royal Astronomical Society Research Fellowship and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 948381 M.M.K. acknowledges generous support from the David and Lucille Packard Foundation. This work was supported by the GROWTH Marshal (Kasliwal et al. 2019) developed as part of the GROWTH (Global Relay of Observatories Watching Transients Happen) project funded by the National Science Foundation under grant No. 1545949. M.G. is supported by the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101004719. L.G. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ramón y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00. T.-W.C. acknowledges the EU Funding under Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant H2020-MSCA-IF-2018-842471. E.C.K. acknowledges support from the G.R.E.A.T research environment funded by Vetenskapsrådet, the Swedish Research Council, under project number 2016-06012, and support from The Wenner-Gren Foundations. L.G. acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU) under the 2019 Ramón y Cajal program RYC2019-027683 and from the Spanish MICIU project PID2020-115253GA-I00.

PY - 2022/3/2

Y1 - 2022/3/2

N2 - We present observations of three core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) in elliptical hosts, detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (BTS). SN 2019ape is a SN Ic that exploded in the main body of a typical elliptical galaxy. Its properties are consistent with an explosion of a regular SN Ic progenitor. A secondary g-band light-curve peak could indicate interaction of the ejecta with circumstellar material (CSM). An Hα-emitting source at the explosion site suggests a residual local star formation origin. SN 2018fsh and SN 2020uik are SNe II which exploded in the outskirts of elliptical galaxies. SN 2020uik shows typical spectra for SNe II, while SN 2018fsh shows a boxy nebular Hα profile, a signature of CSM interaction. We combine these 3 SNe with 7 events from the literature and analyze their hosts as a sample. We present multi-wavelength photometry of the hosts, and compare this to archival photometry of all BTS hosts. Using the spectroscopically complete BTS, we conclude that 0.3%-0.1+0.3 of all CCSNe occur in elliptical galaxies. We derive star formation rates and stellar masses for the host galaxies and compare them to the properties of other SN hosts. We show that CCSNe in ellipticals have larger physical separations from their hosts compared to SNe Ia in elliptical galaxies, and discuss implications for star-forming activity in elliptical galaxies.

AB - We present observations of three core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) in elliptical hosts, detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility Bright Transient Survey (BTS). SN 2019ape is a SN Ic that exploded in the main body of a typical elliptical galaxy. Its properties are consistent with an explosion of a regular SN Ic progenitor. A secondary g-band light-curve peak could indicate interaction of the ejecta with circumstellar material (CSM). An Hα-emitting source at the explosion site suggests a residual local star formation origin. SN 2018fsh and SN 2020uik are SNe II which exploded in the outskirts of elliptical galaxies. SN 2020uik shows typical spectra for SNe II, while SN 2018fsh shows a boxy nebular Hα profile, a signature of CSM interaction. We combine these 3 SNe with 7 events from the literature and analyze their hosts as a sample. We present multi-wavelength photometry of the hosts, and compare this to archival photometry of all BTS hosts. Using the spectroscopically complete BTS, we conclude that 0.3%-0.1+0.3 of all CCSNe occur in elliptical galaxies. We derive star formation rates and stellar masses for the host galaxies and compare them to the properties of other SN hosts. We show that CCSNe in ellipticals have larger physical separations from their hosts compared to SNe Ia in elliptical galaxies, and discuss implications for star-forming activity in elliptical galaxies.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85126123570&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709

DO - 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4709

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85126123570

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 927

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 10

ER -

Less than 1% of core-collapse supernovae in the local universe occur in elliptical galaxies

Abstract

Bibliographical note

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Cite this