Abstract
The integrity of genomes is constantly threatened by problems encountered by the replication fork. BRCA1, BRCA2 and a subset of Fanconi anaemia proteins protect stalled replication forks from degradation by nucleases, through pathways that involve RAD51. The contribution and regulation of BRCA1 in replication fork protection, and how this role relates to its role in homologous recombination, is unclear. Here we show that BRCA1 in complex with BARD1, and not the canonical BRCA1-PALB2 interaction, is required for fork protection. BRCA1-BARD1 is regulated by a conformational change mediated by the phosphorylation-directed prolyl isomerase PIN1. PIN1 activity enhances BRCA1-BARD1 interaction with RAD51, thereby increasing the presence of RAD51 at stalled replication structures. We identify genetic variants of BRCA1-BARD1 in patients with cancer that exhibit poor protection of nascent strands but retain homologous recombination proficiency, thus defining domains of BRCA1-BARD1 that are required for fork protection and associated with cancer development. Together, these findings reveal a BRCA1-mediated pathway that governs replication fork protection.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 521-527 |
Journal | Nature |
Volume | 571 |
Issue number | 7766 |
Early online date | 3 Jul 2019 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 25 Jul 2019 |
Keywords
- BRCA1 Protein/chemistry
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA Replication/genetics
- Genomic Instability/genetics
- Humans
- Isomerism
- Mutation
- NIMA-Interacting Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/metabolism
- Phosphorylation
- Phosphoserine/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Rad51 Recombinase/metabolism
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
- Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
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